android service使用handle,使用Handler实现Activity和Service之间的交互

在开发应用的时候，我们有时候需要Service来处理后台任务。同时需要两者之间的实时交互，比如说下载的时候我们需要实时地更新Notification的下载进度。我们可以通过BroadcastReceiver来实现Service和Activity的交互，但是今天我们来介绍另外一种实现方法。使用Handler实现Activity和Service之间的交互。

实现的原理：

1.在Service中的onCreate方法中创建Service端的Handler和Messenger对象，并且在handleMessage方法中获取Activity端的Messenger

2.在Service的onBind方法中返回Messenger的Binder对象

3.在Activity中创建一个Handler对象，用来处理消息

4.在Activity中创建一个ServiceConnection对象，并且在onServiceConnected方法中，获取Service端的Messenger对象

5.在Activity创建Messenger，并封装在Message中传递给Service端

文字不理解可以看图并结合代码来思考

原理图

public class MessengerService extends Service{

private Messenger mActivityMessenger;

private Handler handler;

private Messenger mServiceMessenger;

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

Log.i("TAG", "onCreate()");

/**

* HandlerThread是Android系统专门为Handler封装的一个线程类，

通过HandlerThread创建的Hanlder便可以进行耗时操作了

* HandlerThread是一个子线程,在调用handlerThread.getLooper()之前必须先执行

* HandlerThread的start方法。

*/

HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread("serviceCalculate");

handlerThread.start();

handler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper()){

@Override

public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

if(msg.what == 0x11){

if(mActivityMessenger == null) {

mActivityMessenger = msg.replyTo;

}

//模拟耗时任务

try {

Thread.sleep(10000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

//发送结果回Activity

Message message = this.obtainMessage();

message.what = 0x12;

message.arg1 = msg.arg1 + msg.arg2;

try {

mActivityMessenger.send(message);

} catch (RemoteException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

};

mServiceMessenger = new Messenger(handler);

}

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

Log.i("TAG","onBind()");

return mServiceMessenger.getBinder();

}

}

public class ScrollingActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private Button sendToServiceBtn;

//Service端的Messenger对象

private Messenger mServiceMessenger;

//Activity端的Messenger对象

private Messenger mActivityMessenger;

/**

* Activity端的Handler处理Service中的消息

*/

private Handler handler = new Handler(){

@Override

public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

if(msg.what == 0x12){

Toast.makeText(ScrollingActivity.this, "Service发送过来的结果是......"

+ msg.arg1,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}

};

/**

* Service绑定状态的监听

*/

private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {

@Override

public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

//获取Service端的Messenger

mServiceMessenger = new Messenger(service);

}

@Override

public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

}

};

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_scrolling);

sendToServiceBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_sendToService);

sendToServiceBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

//Activity端的Messenger

if(mActivityMessenger == null) {

mActivityMessenger = new Messenger(handler);

}

//创建消息

Message message = Message.obtain();

message.what = 0x11;

message.arg1 = 2016;

message.arg2 = 1;

//设定消息要回应的Messenger

message.replyTo = mActivityMessenger;

try {

//通过ServiceMessenger将消息发送到Service中的Handler

mServiceMessenger.send(message);

} catch (RemoteException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

});

//绑定Service

Intent intent = new Intent(ScrollingActivity.this, MessengerService.class);

bindService(intent, connection, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

}

}