python调用c++混合编程_[转]Linux下Python与C++混合编程

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/tevic/p/3645197.html

最近在做一个CUDA的项目,记录下学习心得.

系统

Linux 3.11.0-19-generic #33-Ubuntu x86_64 GNU/Linux

C++调用Python

Python模块代码:

#!/usr/bin/python#Filename:TestModule.py

defHello(s):print ("Hello World")print(s)defAdd(a, b):print('a=', a)print ('b=', b)return a +bclassTest:def __init__(self):print("Init")defSayHello(self, name):print ("Hello,", name)return name

C++代码

#include#include

using namespacestd;int main(int argc, char*argv[])

{//初始化python

Py_Initialize();//直接运行python代码

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------Python Start')");//引入当前路径,否则下面模块不能正常导入

PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");

PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");//引入模块

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyImport_ImportModule')");

PyObject*pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("TestModule");//获取模块字典属性

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyModule_GetDict')");

PyObject*pDict =PyModule_GetDict(pModule);//直接获取模块中的函数

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyObject_GetAttrString')");

PyObject*pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "Hello");//参数类型转换，传递一个字符串。将c/c++类型的字符串转换为python类型，元组中的python类型查看python文档

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------Py_BuildValue')");

PyObject*pArg = Py_BuildValue("(s)", "Hello Charity");

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyEval_CallObject')");//调用直接获得的函数，并传递参数

PyEval_CallObject(pFunc, pArg);//从字典属性中获取函数

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyDict_GetItemString Add function')");

pFunc= PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "Add");//参数类型转换，传递两个整型参数

pArg = Py_BuildValue("(i, i)", 1, 2);//调用函数，并得到python类型的返回值

PyObject *result =PyEval_CallObject(pFunc, pArg);//c用来保存c/c++类型的返回值

intc;//将python类型的返回值转换为c/c++类型

PyArg_Parse(result, "i", &c);//输出返回值

printf("a+b=%d\n", c);//通过字典属性获取模块中的类

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyDict_GetItemString test class')");

PyObject*pClass = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "Test");//实例化获取的类

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyInstanceMethod_New test class')");

PyObject*pInstance =PyInstanceMethod_New(pClass);//调用类的方法

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyObject_CallMethod SayHello')");

result= PyObject_CallMethod(pInstance, "SayHello", "(Os)", pInstance, "Charity");//输出返回值

char* name=NULL;

PyRun_SimpleString("print('----------PyArg_Parse')");

PyArg_Parse(result,"s", &name);

printf("%s\n", name);

PyRun_SimpleString("print('Python End')");//释放python

Py_Finalize();

getchar();return 0;

}

编译:

g++ -I/usr/include/python3.5 pythonwithcpp.cpp -L/usr/lib/python3.5/config-3.5m-x86_64-linux-gnu -lpython3.5

运行结果:

root@ubuntu:/work/src/cython/cppcallpy# ./a.out

----------Python Start

----------PyImport_ImportModule

----------PyModule_GetDict

----------PyObject_GetAttrString

----------Py_BuildValue

----------PyEval_CallObject

Hello World

Hello Charity

----------PyDict_GetItemString Add function

a= 1

b= 2

a+b=3

----------PyDict_GetItemString test class

----------PyInstanceMethod_New test class

----------PyObject_CallMethod SayHello

Hello, Charity

----------PyArg_Parse

Charity

Python End

Python调用C++

C++代码:

1 //用C++必须在函数前加extern "C"

2 extern "C" int Add(int a,int b)

3 {

4 return a+b;

5 }

编译:

1 g++ -c -fPIC LibPythonTest.cpp

2 g++ -shared LibPythonTest.o -o LibPythonTest.so

Python代码:

1 #!/bin/python

2 #Filename:PythonCallCpp.py

3 from ctypes import *

4 import os

5 libPythonTest = cdll.LoadLibrary('./LibPythonTest.so')

6 print libPythonTest.Add(1,1)

运行:

1 python PythonCallCpp.py

运行结果:

2