idworker java_分布式唯一ID生成器Twitter 的 Snowflake idworker java版本

importjava.lang.management.ManagementFactory;

importjava.net.InetAddress;

importjava.net.NetworkInterface;

/***

名称：IdWorker.java

*

描述：分布式自增长ID

*

*     Twitter的SnowflakeJAVA实现方案*

*核心代码为其IdWorker这个类实现，其原理结构如下，我分别用一个0表示一位，用—分割开部分的作用：* 1||0---0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0 --- 00000 ---00000 ---000000000000*在上面的字符串中，第一位为未使用(实际上也可作为long的符号位)，接下来的41位为毫秒级时间，*然后5位datacenter标识位，5位机器ID(并不算标识符，实际是为线程标识)，*然后12位该毫秒内的当前毫秒内的计数，加起来刚好64位，为一个Long型。*这样的好处是，整体上按照时间自增排序，并且整个分布式系统内不会产生ID碰撞(由datacenter和机器ID作区分)，*并且效率较高，经测试，snowflake每秒能够产生26万ID左右，完全满足需要。*

* 64位ID (42(毫秒)+5(机器ID)+5(业务编码)+12(重复累加))**@authorPolim*/public classIdWorker {

//时间起始标记点，作为基准，一般取系统的最近时间(一旦确定不能变动)private final static longtwepoch= 1288834974657L;

//机器标识位数private final static longworkerIdBits= 5L;

//数据中心标识位数private final static longdatacenterIdBits= 5L;

//机器ID最大值private final static longmaxWorkerId= -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);

//数据中心ID最大值private final static longmaxDatacenterId= -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);

//毫秒内自增位private final static longsequenceBits= 12L;

//机器ID偏左移12位private final static longworkerIdShift= sequenceBits;

//数据中心ID左移17位private final static longdatacenterIdShift= sequenceBits+ workerIdBits;

//时间毫秒左移22位private final static longtimestampLeftShift= sequenceBits+ workerIdBits+ datacenterIdBits;

private final static longsequenceMask= -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);

/*上次生产id时间戳*/private static longlastTimestamp= -1L;

// 0，并发控制private longsequence= 0L;

private final longworkerId;

//数据标识id部分private final longdatacenterId;

publicIdWorker(){

this.datacenterId= getDatacenterId(maxDatacenterId);

this.workerId= getMaxWorkerId(datacenterId, maxWorkerId);

}

/***@paramworkerId*工作机器ID*@paramdatacenterId*序列号*/publicIdWorker(longworkerId, longdatacenterId) {

if(workerId > maxWorkerId|| workerId < 0) {

throw newIllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));

}

if(datacenterId > maxDatacenterId|| datacenterId < 0) {

throw newIllegalArgumentException(String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));

}

this.workerId= workerId;

this.datacenterId= datacenterId;

}

/***获取下一个ID**@return*/public synchronized longnextId() {

longtimestamp = timeGen();

if(timestamp < lastTimestamp) {

throw newRuntimeException(String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp- timestamp));

}

if(lastTimestamp== timestamp) {

//当前毫秒内，则+1sequence= (sequence+ 1) & sequenceMask;

if(sequence== 0) {

//当前毫秒内计数满了，则等待下一秒timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);

}

} else{

sequence= 0L;

}

lastTimestamp= timestamp;

// ID偏移组合生成最终的ID，并返回IDlongnextId = ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift)

| (datacenterId<< datacenterIdShift)

| (workerId<< workerIdShift) | sequence;

returnnextId;

}

private longtilNextMillis(final longlastTimestamp) {

longtimestamp = this.timeGen();

while(timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {

timestamp = this.timeGen();

}

returntimestamp;

}

private longtimeGen() {

returnSystem.currentTimeMillis();

}

/***

*获取maxWorkerId*

*/protected static longgetMaxWorkerId(longdatacenterId, longmaxWorkerId) {

StringBuffer mpid = newStringBuffer();

mpid.append(datacenterId);

String name = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean().getName();

if(!name.isEmpty()) {

/** GET jvmPid*/mpid.append(name.split("@")[0]);

}

/** MAC + PID的hashcode获取16个低位*/return(mpid.toString().hashCode() & 0xffff) % (maxWorkerId + 1);

}

/***

*数据标识id部分*

*/protected static longgetDatacenterId(longmaxDatacenterId) {

longid = 0L;

try{

InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost();

NetworkInterface network = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(ip);

if(network == null) {

id = 1L;

} else{

byte[] mac = network.getHardwareAddress();

id = ((0x000000FF & (long) mac[mac.length- 1])

| (0x0000FF00 & (((long) mac[mac.length- 2]) << 8))) >> 6;

id = id % (maxDatacenterId + 1);

}

} catch(Exception e) {

System.out.println(" getDatacenterId: "+ e.getMessage());

}

returnid;

}

public static voidmain(String[] args) {

IdWorker idWorker = newIdWorker(31,31);

System.out.println("idWorker="+idWorker.nextId());

IdWorker id = newIdWorker();

System.out.println("id="+id.nextId());

System.out.println(id.datacenterId);

System.out.println(id.workerId);

}

}