动物的身体就像明确的零件相互联锁构成的三维拼图,这些零件的位置和体积都是确定的。所有通过身体展现出来的体积都是由解剖学的结构形成的,肌肉和骨骼对外在形态起着决定作用;脂肪、皮毛、皮肤、腺体、血管、软骨和器官也都会对表面的形态产生影响。
the even-toed ungulates(artiodactyls)偶蹄动物:
bovids(牛科):cattle,buffalo水牛,bison野牛,antelope羚羊,goat,sheep,pronghorn antelope叉角羚羊;
cervids(鹿科):elk麋鹿,moose驼鹿,caribous驯鹿,reindeer驯鹿;
giraffids:giraffe,okapi霍加狓;
camelids(骆驼科):camel,guanaco骆马,llama美洲驼,alpaca羊驼,vicuna小羊驼;
suids:wild and domestic pigs;
peccary野猪;
hippopotamuses河马;
the Ruminants反刍目(偶蹄动物的亚目):
bovids牛科;
cervids鹿科;
giraffids长颈鹿科;
the odd-toed ungulates(perissodactyls)奇蹄目:
equids马科(horse(domestic/wild),zebras,asses);
rhinoceroses犀牛;
tapirs貘;
the Carnivores食肉目:
canids狗科:野狗和家狗,狼,狐狸;
felids猫科(大小猫,熊,大熊猫);
raccoon浣熊,sea lions,seals海豹,walrus海象;
the Proboscideans长鼻目:
Indian and African elephants;
the Rodents啮齿目:
mice,rats,squirrels,chipmunks金花鼠,beavers河狸,porcupines豪猪;
the Lagomorphs兔形目:
rabbits,hares野兔;
the Marsupials有袋目:
kangaroos,the opossum负鼠,koala,the Tasmanian wolf袋狼;
the Primates灵长目:
monkeys,apes,humans;
the Cetaceans鲸目:
the whales,dolphins,porpoises;
the Edentates贫齿目:
the giant anteater食蚁兽;
the Chiroptera翼手目:
the fruit-eating and insect-eating bats;