前言
在数据可视化中,很多时候需要对某一区间的数据进行局部放大,以获得对比度更高的可视化效果。下面利用Python语言的Matplotlib库实现一个简单的局部放大图效果。
依赖库matplotlib:绘图库
numpy:支持大量的维度数组、矩阵运算和数学函数的扩展库
步骤
1. 导入依赖库
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import mark_inset
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes
2. 准备数据
x = np.linspace(-0.1*np.pi, 2*np.pi, 30)
y_1 = np.sinc(x)+0.7
y_2 = np.tanh(x)
y_3 = np.exp(-np.sinc(x))
3. 绘图
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(6, 4))
ax.plot(x, y_1, color='k', linestyle=':', linewidth=1,
marker='o', markersize=5,
markeredgecolor='black', markerfacecolor='C0')
ax.plot(x, y_2, color='k', linestyle=':', linewidth=1,
marker='o', markersize=5,
markeredgecolor='black', markerfacecolor='C3')
ax.plot(x, y_3, color='k', linestyle=':', linewidth=1,
marker='o', markersize=5,
markeredgecolor='black', markerfacecolor='C2')
ax.legend(labels=["y_1", "y_2","y_3"], ncol=3)
效果图如下:
4. 嵌入绘制局部放大图的坐标系
axins = inset_axes(ax, width="40%", height="30%", loc='lower left',
bbox_to_anchor=(0.1, 0.1, 1, 1),
bbox_transform=ax.transAxes)