python写ping工具_python实现一个简单的ping工具方法

继上一篇计算checksum校验和，本章通过socket套接字，struct字节打包成二进制，select返回套接字的文件描述符的结合，实现一个简单的ping工具。

#!/usr/bin/python3.6.4

#!coding:utf-8

__author__ = 'Rosefinch'

__date__ = '2018/5/31 22:27'

import time

import struct

import socket

import select

import sys

def chesksum(data):

"""

校验

"""

n = len(data)

m = n % 2

sum = 0

for i in range(0, n - m ,2):

sum += (data[i]) + ((data[i+1]) << 8)#传入data以每两个字节(十六进制)通过ord转十进制，第一字节在低位，第二个字节在高位

if m:

sum += (data[-1])

#将高于16位与低16位相加

sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff)

sum += (sum >> 16) #如果还有高于16位，将继续与低16位相加

answer = ~sum & 0xffff

#主机字节序转网络字节序列(参考小端序转大端序)

answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00)

return answer

'''

连接套接字,并将数据发送到套接字

'''

def raw_socket(dst_addr,imcp_packet):

rawsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_RAW,socket.getprotobyname("icmp"))

send_request_ping_time = time.time()

#send data to the socket

rawsocket.sendto(imcp_packet,(dst_addr,80))

return send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,dst_addr

'''

request ping

'''

def request_ping(data_type,data_code,data_checksum,data_ID,data_Sequence,payload_body):

#把字节打包成二进制数据

imcp_packet = struct.pack('>BBHHH32s',data_type,data_code,data_checksum,data_ID,data_Sequence,payload_body)

icmp_chesksum = chesksum(imcp_packet)#获取校验和

imcp_packet = struct.pack('>BBHHH32s',data_type,data_code,icmp_chesksum,data_ID,data_Sequence,payload_body)

return imcp_packet

'''

reply ping

'''

def reply_ping(send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,data_Sequence,timeout = 2):

while True:

started_select = time.time()

what_ready = select.select([rawsocket], [], [], timeout)

wait_for_time = (time.time() - started_select)

if what_ready[0] == []: # Timeout

return -1

time_received = time.time()

received_packet, addr = rawsocket.recvfrom(1024)

icmpHeader = received_packet[20:28]

type, code, checksum, packet_id, sequence = struct.unpack(

">BBHHH", icmpHeader

)

if type == 0 and sequence == data_Sequence:

return time_received - send_request_ping_time

timeout = timeout - wait_for_time

if timeout <= 0:

return -1

'''

实现 ping 主机/ip

'''

def ping(host):

data_type = 8 # ICMP Echo Request

data_code = 0 # must be zero

data_checksum = 0 # "...with value 0 substituted for this field..."

data_ID = 0 #Identifier

data_Sequence = 1 #Sequence number

payload_body = b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwabcdefghi' #data

dst_addr = socket.gethostbyname(host)#将主机名转ipv4地址格式，返回以ipv4地址格式的字符串，如果主机名称是ipv4地址，则它将保持不变

print("正在 Ping {0} [{1}] 具有 32 字节的数据:".format(host,dst_addr))

for i in range(0,4):

icmp_packet = request_ping(data_type,data_code,data_checksum,data_ID,data_Sequence + i,payload_body)

send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,addr = raw_socket(dst_addr,icmp_packet)

times = reply_ping(send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,data_Sequence + i)

if times > 0:

print("来自 {0} 的回复: 字节=32 时间={1}ms".format(addr,int(times*1000)))

time.sleep(0.7)

else:

print("请求超时。")

if __name__ == "__main__":

if len(sys.argv) < 2:

sys.exit('Usage: ping.py ')

ping(sys.argv[1])

>python .\Ping_tool.py www.csdn.net

正在 Ping www.csdn.net [47.95.164.112] 具有 32 字节的数据:

来自 47.95.164.112 的回复: 字节=32 时间=39ms

来自 47.95.164.112 的回复: 字节=32 时间=40ms

来自 47.95.164.112 的回复: 字节=32 时间=40ms

来自 47.95.164.112 的回复: 字节=32 时间=39ms

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