c结构体赋值_从C语言到汇编（七）结构体赋值与复制

C语言中的赋值，取值，在汇编看来都是先取到要操作元素的地址，然后根据地址操作元素，元素为基本数据类型。

结构体赋值

struct persion
{
        char sex;
        char name[8];
        int height;
};


int fun(void)
{
        struct persion per;

        per.sex='m';
        per.name[0]='a';
        per.name[1]='d';
        per.name[2]=0;
        per.height=170;

        return 0;
}

汇编代码

        pushl   %ebp
        movl    %esp, %ebp
        subl    $16, %esp
        //per.sex='m';
        movb    $109, -16(%ebp)
        //per.name[0]='a';
        movb    $97, -15(%ebp)
        //per.name[1]='d';
        movb    $100, -14(%ebp)
        //per.name[2]=0;
        movb    $0, -13(%ebp)
        //per.height=170;
        movl    $170, -4(%ebp)
        //返回值
        movl    $0, %eax
        leave
        ret

结构体指针赋值

struct persion
{
        char sex;
        char name[8];
        int height;
};


int fun(void)
{
        struct persion per;
        struct persion *p;

        p=&per;


        p->sex='m';
        p->name[0]='a';
        p->name[1]='d';
        p->name[2]=0;
        p->height=170;

        return 0;
}

汇编代码

        pushl   %ebp
        movl    %esp, %ebp
        subl    $32, %esp
        //&per
        leal    -20(%ebp), %eax
        //p=&per
        movl    %eax, -4(%ebp)
        //p->sex='m'
        movl    -4(%ebp), %eax
        movb    $109, (%eax)
        //p->name[0]='a';
        movl    -4(%ebp), %eax
        movb    $97, 1(%eax)
        //p->name[1]='d';
        movl    -4(%ebp), %eax
        movb    $100, 2(%eax)
        //p->name[2]=0;
        movl    -4(%ebp), %eax
        movb    $0, 3(%eax)
        //p->height=170;
        movl    -4(%ebp), %eax
        movl    $170, 12(%eax)
        //返回值
        movl    $0, %eax
        leave
        ret

结构体复制

struct persion
{
        char sex;
        char name[8];
        int height;
};


int fun(void)
{
        struct persion per={'m',{'a','d',0},170};
        struct persion per2;

        per2=per;

        return 0;
}

汇编代码

        pushl   %ebp
        movl    %esp, %ebp
        subl    $32, %esp
        //per赋值为0
        movl    $0, -16(%ebp)
        movl    $0, -12(%ebp)
        movl    $0, -8(%ebp)
        movl    $0, -4(%ebp)
        //per.sex='m';
        movb    $109, -16(%ebp)
        //per.name[0]='a';
        movb    $97, -15(%ebp)
        //per.name[1]='d';
        movb    $100, -14(%ebp)
        //per.height=170
        movl    $170, -4(%ebp)
        //per2=per
        movl    -16(%ebp), %eax
        movl    %eax, -32(%ebp)
        movl    -12(%ebp), %eax
        movl    %eax, -28(%ebp)
        movl    -8(%ebp), %eax
        movl    %eax, -24(%ebp)
        movl    -4(%ebp), %eax
        movl    %eax, -20(%ebp)
        movl    $0, %eax
        leave
        ret

由于per结构体大小是4的倍数（这是编译器规定的），所以使用movl -16(%ebp), %eax，movl %eax, -32(%ebp)来赋值。