java workthread_Java多线程基础（十）——Work Thread模式

一、定义

Work Thread模式和Thread-Per-Message模式类似，Thread-Per-Message每次都创建一个新的线程处理请求，而Work Thread模式预先会创建一个线程池(Thread Pool)，每次从线程池中取出线程处理请求。

二、模式案例

Request请求类：

public class Request {

private final String name;

private final int number;

private static final Random random = new Random();

public Request(String name, int number) {

this.name = name;

this.number = number;

}

public void execute() {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " executes " + this);

try {

Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

}

public String toString() {

return "[ Request from " + name + " No." + number + " ]";

}

}

Client线程类：

Client线程类用来送出请求：

创建Request实例

将这个实例传送给Channel类的putRequest方法

public class ClientThread extends Thread {

private final Channel channel;

private static final Random random = new Random();

public ClientThread(String name, Channel channel) {

super(name);

this.channel = channel;

}

public void run() {

try {

for (int i = 0; true; i++) {

Request request = new Request(getName(), i);

channel.putRequest(request);

Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));

}

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

}

}

Worker线程类：

WorkerThread类表示工人线程，工人线程可以执行以下动作：

从Channel实例取出Request实例

调用Request实例的execute方法

public class WorkerThread extends Thread {

private final Channel channel;

public WorkerThread(String name, Channel channel) {

super(name);

this.channel = channel;

}

public void run() {

while (true) {

Request request = channel.takeRequest();

request.execute();

}

}

}

Channel类：

/**

*Channel类可用来接受、传送工作请求，并保存工人线程。

*/

public class Channel {

private static final int MAX_REQUEST = 100; // 最大请求数

private final Request[] requestQueue; // 请求队列

private int tail;

private int head;

private int count;

private final WorkerThread[] threadPool;

public Channel(int threads) {

this.requestQueue = new Request[MAX_REQUEST];

this.head = 0;

this.tail = 0;

this.count = 0;

threadPool = new WorkerThread[threads];

for (int i = 0; i < threadPool.length; i++) {

threadPool[i] = new WorkerThread("Worker-" + i, this);

}

}

public void startWorkers() {

for (int i = 0; i < threadPool.length; i++) {

threadPool[i].start();

}

}

public synchronized void putRequest(Request request) {

while (count >= requestQueue.length) {

try {

wait();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

}

requestQueue[tail] = request;

tail = (tail + 1) % requestQueue.length;

count++;

notifyAll();

}

public synchronized Request takeRequest() {

while (count <= 0) {

try {

wait();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

}

Request request = requestQueue[head];

head = (head + 1) % requestQueue.length;

count--;

notifyAll();

return request;

}

}

执行：

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Channel channel = new Channel(5);

channel.startWorkers();

new ClientThread("Alice", channel).start();

new ClientThread("Bobby", channel).start();

new ClientThread("Chris", channel).start();

}

}

三、模式讲解

Work Thread模式的角色如下：

Client(委托人)参与者

Client参与者会创建请求(Request)，然后传送给Channel参与者。

Channel(通道)参与者

Channel参与者保存Request请求队列，同时会预创建Worker线程。

Worker(工人)参与者

Worker参与者会从Channel获取Request。

Request(请求)参与者

Worker参与者会从Channel获取Request。

注：启动线程是一项繁重的工作，Worker Thread模式预先创建一批线程，可以重复使用线程，达到资源再利用、提升性能的目的。