pandas 每一列画图_【整理】Pandas Dataframe操作技巧 | 勤奋的小青蛙

本篇博客整理各种pandas中dataframe的操作技巧，长期更新。

1：原有列基础生成新列

常见使用情景：两列相减的值为新的一列，或者多列操作生成新的一列

技巧：

import pandas as pd

# make a simple dataframe

df = pd.DataFrame({'a':[1,2], 'b':[3,4]})

df

# a b

# 0 1 3

# 1 2 4

# this just creates an unattached column:

df.apply(lambda row: row.a + row.b, axis=1)

# 0 4

# 1 6

# do same but attach it to the dataframe

df['c'] = df.apply(lambda row: row.a + row.b, axis=1)

df

# a b c

# 0 1 3 4

# 1 2 4 6

2：如何遍历Pandas Dataframe每一行

c1 c2

0 10 100

1 11 110

2 12 120

In [18]: for index, row in df.iterrows():

....: print row['c1'], row['c2']

....:

10 100

11 110

12 120

3：Pandas Dataframe通过matplotlib画图如何鼠标滚轮缩放

主要缩放函数：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def zoom_factory(ax,base_scale = 2.):

def zoom_fun(event):

# get the current x and y limits

cur_xlim = ax.get_xlim()

cur_ylim = ax.get_ylim()

cur_xrange = (cur_xlim[1] - cur_xlim[0])*.5

cur_yrange = (cur_ylim[1] - cur_ylim[0])*.5

xdata = event.xdata # get event x location

ydata = event.ydata # get event y location

if event.button == 'up':

# deal with zoom in

scale_factor = 1/base_scale

elif event.button == 'down':

# deal with zoom out

scale_factor = base_scale

else:

# deal with something that should never happen

scale_factor = 1

print event.button

# set new limits

ax.set_xlim([xdata - cur_xrange*scale_factor,

xdata + cur_xrange*scale_factor])

ax.set_ylim([ydata - cur_yrange*scale_factor,

ydata + cur_yrange*scale_factor])

plt.draw() # force re-draw

fig = ax.get_figure() # get the figure of interest

# attach the call back

fig.canvas.mpl_connect('scroll_event',zoom_fun)

#return the function

return zoom_fun

如何使用(直接对matplotlib的轴对象ax进行操作即可)：

ax.plot(range(10))

scale = 1.5

f = zoom_factory(ax,base_scale = scale)

可选参数base_scale允许您将比例因子设置为您想要的值。

一定要确保缩放函数有个返回值对象f。所以如果你不保存f，该缩放返回值可能被垃圾回收。

演示：

4：pandas更改索引，更改index为某列

In [1]: import pandas as pd

In [2]: df = pd.read_csv('hello.csv')

In [3]: df

Out[3]:

name gender

0 Lucas Male

1 Lucy Female

2 Lily Female

3 Jim Male

In [4]: df.set_index('name')

Out[4]:

gender

name

Lucas Male

Lucy Female

Lily Female

Jim Male

5：ndarray切片区域选取

In [1]: from numpy import *

In [2]: a = arange(36).reshape((6,6))

In [3]: a

Out[3]:

array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5],

[ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11],

[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17],

[18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23],

[24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29],

[30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35]])

In [4]: a[1,2]

Out[4]: 8

In [5]: a[1,:]

Out[5]: array([ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11])

In [6]: a[:,2]

Out[6]: array([ 2, 8, 14, 20, 26, 32])

In [7]: a[0:2, 0:2]

Out[7]:

array([[0, 1],

[6, 7]])

语法：中括号中第一个选取就是行，第二个选取的就是列，中间用逗号隔开。

6：新增一列是某列的累加

In [1]: import pandas as pd

In [2]: num_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]

In [3]: df = pd.DataFrame(data=num_list)

In [4]: df[1] = df.cumsum()

In [5]: df

Out[6]:

0 1

0 1 1

1 2 3

2 3 6

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