小心,不要做字节序的假设。尽管PC是按照先低字节(little-endian,小头)的方式存储多字节数值的,但某些高端平台是以另一种方式(big-endian,大头)工作的。只要可能,就应该将代码编写成不依赖于所操作数据的字节序的方式。
Linux内核定义了一组宏,它可以在处理器字节序和特殊字节序之间进行转换。
例如,下面的宏可以将值和对应位的无符号的小头数值互转:
#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
#define cpu_to_le16(x) (x)
#define le16_to_cpu(x) (x)
#define cpu_to_le32(x) (x)
#define le32_to_cpu(x) (x)
#define cpu_to_le64(x) (x)
#define le64_to_cpu(x) (x)
#else
#define cpu_to_le16(x) bswap_16(x)
#define le16_to_cpu(x) bswap_16(x)
#define cpu_to_le32(x) bswap_32(x)
#define le32_to_cpu(x) bswap_32(x)
#define cpu_to_le64(x) bswap_64(x)
#define le64_to_cpu(x) bswap_64(x)
#endif
下面是大头数据的宏:
#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
#define be16_to_cpu(x) bswap_16(x)
#define cpu_to_be16(x) bswap_16(x)
#define be32_to_cpu(x) bswap_32(x)
#define cpu_to_be32(x) bswap_32(x)
#define be64_to_cpu(x) bswap_64(x)
#define cpu_to_be64(x) bswap_64(x)
#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
#define be16_to_cpu(x) (x)
#define cpu_to_be16(x) (x)
#define be32_to_cpu(x) (x)
#define cpu_to_be32(x) (x)
#define be64_to_cpu(x) (x)
#define cpu_to_be64(x) (x)
#else
#error "Unknown byte order!"
#endif