matlab中solver函数_matlab solve函数的用法

solve函数常用于求解符号函数的解析解,方程组的解等

1.solve求解析解

syms x y

q='x+y=3';

w=solve(q,'x');% 解函数q关于x的解析解

同样可以写成 solve('x+y=3','x');

但是这样的话就没法给y赋值了,所以使用 subs函数

y=3;

subs(w);%这一步也可以写为 subs(w,'y',3)

2.solve解单变量方程

syms x

eqn=sin(x)==1;

solve(eqn,x)

%比如上面的例子,x的取值是可以写为一个通解的,那就可以用下面的形式

syms x

eqn=sin(x)==1;

[solx,params,conds]=solve(eqn,x,'ReturnConditions',true)

这段代码的matlab运行结果是

solx =pi/2 + 2*pi*k

params =k

conds =in(k, 'integer')

%显然这里面params是结果里面的参数,而conds是结果中参数的取值,in是输入的意思,intger是整数

%这里如果上面直接是s=solve的话,那就相当于建立了一个s对象,它的结果就是s.x,条件是s.comdtion

3.求解多变量方程

%如果不指明的话,solve函数就会通过symvar选择一个变量(认为该变量是要求解的变量)

clc,clear

syms a b c x

sola=solve(a*x^2+b*x+c==0,a)   %待求解的变量是a

sol=solve(a*x^2+b*x+c==0)  %待求解的变量是x

%当求解的变量大于1个时,你声明变量的顺序就是slove返回解的顺序

syms a b

[b,a]=solve(a+b==1,2*a-b==4,b,a)

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“l1_ls”函数是一个MATLAB程序包,用于求解一般L1最小化问题,其代码如下: ```matlab function [x,status,history] = l1_ls(A, b, lambda, tol) % l1_ls: Solve L1-regularized least squares problem % [x,status,history] = l1_ls(A, b, lambda, tol) % % Solves the problem % minimize || A*x - b ||_2^2 + lambda * || x ||_1 % % by converting it to a linearly-constrained problem and calling l1-Homotopy. % The solution is returned in the vector x. % % The "status" output gives the status of the solver: % status = 0: the solution is known to be exact. % status = 1: the solution is known to be accurate to within the given % tolerance tol. % status = 2: the solution is accurate to within a certain tolerance, % but the algorithm did not converge. % status = 3: the algorithm did not converge and did not find a solution. % % The "history" output is a structure containing the following fields: % iter: the iteration number % obj: the objective function value at each iteration % gap: the duality gap at each iteration % time: the time elapsed at each iteration % % Example usage: % n = 1000; p = 200; % A = randn(p,n); x0 = sprandn(n,1,0.1); b = A*x0 + 0.01*randn(p,1); % lambda = 0.1; % [x,status,history] = l1_ls(A, b, lambda); % % Written by: Justin Romberg, Caltech % Email: jrom@acm.caltech.edu % Created: February 2007 t0 = tic; % Set solver options opts.tol = tol; opts.maxiter = 1000; opts.x0 = []; opts.print = 0; opts.update = 10; opts.stopcond = 3; % Call l1-Homotopy solver [x,status,history] = l1_homotopy(A, b, lambda, opts); % Add elapsed time to history history.time = toc(t0); ``` 这个函数的输入包括:矩阵A和向量b(表示L1最小化问题),正则化参数lambda,以及收敛容差tol。输出包括:解向量x、状态status和历史记录history。这个函数会调用另一个MATLAB函数“l1_homotopy”,来求解L1最小化问题。
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