python vec,传递一个C ++的std ::矢量，以numpy的数组在Python

I am trying a pass a vector of doubles that I generate in my C++ code to a python numpy array. I am looking to do some downstream processing in Python and want to use some python facilities, once I populate the numpy array. One of the biggest things I want to do is to be able to plot things, and C++ is a bit clumsy when it comes to that. Also I want to be able to leverage Python's statistical power.

Though I am not very clear as to how to do it. I spent a lot of time going through the Python C API documentation. I came across a function PyArray_SimpleNewFromData that apparently can do the trick. I still am very unclear as far as the overall set up of the code is concerned. I am building certain very simple test cases to help me understand this process. I generated the following code as a standlone Empty project in Visual Studio express 2012. I call this file Project1

#include

#include "C:/Python27/Lib/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/arrayobject.h"

PyObject * testCreatArray()

{

float fArray[5] = {0,1,2,3,4};

npy_intp m = 5;

PyObject * c = PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(1,&m,PyArray_FLOAT,fArray);

return c;

}

My goal is to be able to read the PyObject in Python. I am stuck because I don't know how to reference this module in Python. In particular how do I import this Project from Python, I tried to do a import Project1, from the project path in python, but failed. Once I understand this base case, my goal is to figure out a way to pass the vector container that I compute in my main function to Python. I am not sure how to do that either.

Any experts who can help me with this, or maybe post a simple well contained example of some code that reads in and populates a numpy array from a simple c++ vector, I will be grateful. Many thanks in advance.

解决方案

Since there is no answer to this that is actually helpful for people that might be looking for this sort of thing I figured I'd put an easy solution.

First you will need to create a python extension module in C++, this is easy enough to do and is all in the python c-api documentation so i'm not going to go into that.

Now to convert a c++ std::vector to a numpy array is extremely simple. You first need to import the numpy array header

#include

and in your intialising function you need to import_array()

PyModINIT_FUNC

inittestFunction(void){

(void) Py_InitModule("testFunction". testFunctionMethods);

import_array();

}

now you can use the numpy array functions that are provided.

The one that you will want for this is as the OP said a few years back PyArray_SimpleNewFromData, it's stupidly simple to use. All you need is an array of type npy_intp, this is the shape of the array to be created. make sure it is the same as your vector using testVector.size(), (and for multiple dimensions do testVector[0].size(), testVector[0][0].size() ect. vectors are guaranteed to be continuous in c++11 unless it's a bool).

//create testVector with data initialised to 0

std::vector<:vector>> testVector;

testVector.resize(width, std::vector(height, 0);

//create shape for numpy array

npy_intp dims[2] = {width, height}

//convert testVector to a numpy array

PyArrayObject* numpyArray = (PyArrayObject*)PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(2, dims, NPY_UINT16, (uint16_t*)testVector.data());

To go through the paramaters. First you need to cast it to a PyArrayObject, otherwise it will be a PyObject and when returned to python won't be a numpy array.

The 2, is the number of dimensions in the array.

dims, is the shape of the array. This has to be of type npy_intp

NPY_UINT16 is the data type that the array will be in python.

you then use testVector.data() to get the data of the array, cast this to either void* or a pointer of the same data type as your vector.

Hope this helps anyone else who may need this.

(Also if you don't need pure speed I would advise avoiding using the C-API, it causes quite a few problems and cython or swig are still probably your best choices. There is also c types which can be quite helpful.