图片目标识别python_python+opencv(cv2)实现图片车牌目标识别

前两天看了几篇图像处理方面的文章，然后了解到车牌识别，是一个典型的目标提取的处理过程。然后就按照一般处理方法，进行了一些小的实验，效果不是很好，纯属好奇。仅供参考。

import cv2

import numpy as np

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

from PIL import Image

def show_pic(path):

#读入图

initial_img = cv2.imread(path) #(600, 800, 3) 行，列，通道数

#initial_RGB = cv2.cvtColor(initial_img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)

#灰度处理图像

Gray_img = cv2.cvtColor(initial_img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

#高斯去燥

Gaussian = cv2.GaussianBlur(Gray_img, (5,5), 0, 0, cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT)

#中值滤波

Median = cv2.medianBlur(Gaussian, 5)

#双边滤波

#Test = cv2.bilateralFilter(Gray_img,9,25,25)

'''

#sobel算子 轮廓

# Sobel算子 XY方向求梯度

x = cv2.Sobel(Median, cv2.CV_8U, 1, 0, ksize = 3) #X方向

y = cv2.Sobel(Median, cv2.CV_8U, 0, 1, ksize = 3) #Y方向

absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(x) # 转回uint8

absY = cv2.convertScaleAbs(y)

Sobel = cv2.addWeighted(absX, 0.5, absY, 0.5,0)

'''

#Canny边缘处理

Canny = cv2.Canny(Median, 50, 200)

#Otsu大津算法自适应阈值二值化

ret, Binary = cv2.threshold(Canny,170, 255, cv2.THRESH_OTSU|cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

#建立一个椭圆核函数,闭操作

kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_ELLIPSE, (25, 25))

#执行图像形态学, 细节直接查文档，很简单

closed = cv2.morphologyEx(Binary, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)

closed = cv2.erode(closed, None, iterations=4)

closed = cv2.dilate(closed, None, iterations=4)

#提取轮廓

contours,_ = cv2.findContours(closed.copy(),cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

#画出轮廓排序,cv2.contourArea 计算轮廓面积，将最大的那组轮廓挑出来

c = sorted(contours, key=cv2.contourArea, reverse=True)[0]

#compute the rotated bounding box of the largest contour

rect = cv2.minAreaRect(c) #画出轮廓的最小外接矩形

Box = np.int0(cv2.boxPoints(rect)) #获取最小外接矩形的4个顶点

#按照Box画出轮廓

Final_img = cv2.drawContours(initial_img.copy(),[Box], -1, (255, 255, 255), -1)

Xs = [i[0] for i in Box]

Ys = [i[1] for i in Box]

x1 = min(Xs)

x2 = max(Xs)

y1 = min(Ys)

y2 = max(Ys)

hight = y2 - y1

width = x2 - x1

crop_img = initial_img.copy()[y1:y1+hight, x1:x1+width]

#return crop_img

cv2.imshow("12",crop_img )

cv2.waitKey(0)

show_pic(path)

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/Eastmount/article/details/81461679