python+opencv(cv2)实现图片车牌目标识别

 前两天看了几篇图像处理方面的文章，然后了解到车牌识别，是一个典型的目标提取的处理过程。然后就按照一般处理方法，进行了一些小的实验，效果不是很好，纯属好奇。仅供参考。

import cv2
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from PIL import Image 

def show_pic(path): 
    #读入图
    initial_img = cv2.imread(path) #(600, 800, 3)  行，列，通道数 
    #initial_RGB = cv2.cvtColor(initial_img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    #灰度处理图像
    Gray_img = cv2.cvtColor(initial_img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    #高斯去燥
    Gaussian = cv2.GaussianBlur(Gray_img, (5,5), 0, 0, cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT)
    #中值滤波
    Median = cv2.medianBlur(Gaussian, 5)
    #双边滤波
    #Test  = cv2.bilateralFilter(Gray_img,9,25,25)
    '''
    #sobel算子 轮廓
    # Sobel算子 XY方向求梯度
    x = cv2.Sobel(Median, cv2.CV_8U, 1, 0, ksize = 3) #X方向
    y = cv2.Sobel(Median, cv2.CV_8U, 0, 1, ksize = 3) #Y方向
    absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(x)   # 转回uint8    
    absY = cv2.convertScaleAbs(y)    
    Sobel = cv2.addWeighted(absX, 0.5, absY, 0.5,0)
    '''
    #Canny边缘处理
    Canny = cv2.Canny(Median, 50, 200)
    #Otsu大津算法自适应阈值二值化
    ret, Binary = cv2.threshold(Canny,170, 255, cv2.THRESH_OTSU|cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
    
    #建立一个椭圆核函数,闭操作
    kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_ELLIPSE, (25, 25))
    #执行图像形态学, 细节直接查文档，很简单
    closed = cv2.morphologyEx(Binary, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)
    closed = cv2.erode(closed, None, iterations=4)
    closed = cv2.dilate(closed, None, iterations=4)
    #提取轮廓
    
    contours,_ = cv2.findContours(closed.copy(),cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)    

    #画出轮廓排序,cv2.contourArea 计算轮廓面积，将最大的那组轮廓挑出来
    c = sorted(contours, key=cv2.contourArea, reverse=True)[0]
    
    #compute the rotated bounding box of the largest contour
    rect = cv2.minAreaRect(c) #画出轮廓的最小外接矩形

        
    Box = np.int0(cv2.boxPoints(rect)) #获取最小外接矩形的4个顶点
        #按照Box画出轮廓    
    Final_img = cv2.drawContours(initial_img.copy(),[Box], -1, (255, 255, 255), -1)
    
    Xs = [i[0] for i in Box]
    Ys = [i[1] for i in Box]
    x1 = min(Xs)
    x2 = max(Xs)
    y1 = min(Ys)
    y2 = max(Ys)
    hight = y2 - y1
    width = x2 - x1
    crop_img = initial_img.copy()[y1:y1+hight, x1:x1+width]
    
    #return crop_img

    cv2.imshow("12",crop_img )
    cv2.waitKey(0)  
    
show_pic(path)

 

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/Eastmount/article/details/81461679