这适用于我,使用matplotlib 1.1:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.arange(10)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.scatter(x, y, marker='+', s=150, linewidths=4, c=y, cmap=plt.cm.coolwarm)
plt.show()
结果:
或者,对于n个点,使用shape(n,3)创建一个RGB颜色值数组,并将其分配给scatter()的edgecolors关键字参数:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.linspace(0, 20, 100)
y = np.sin(x)
z = x + 20 * y
scaled_z = (z - z.min()) / z.ptp()
colors = plt.cm.coolwarm(scaled_z)
plt.scatter(x, y, marker='+', edgecolors=colors, s=150, linewidths=4)
plt.show()
结果:
该示例通过将z值缩放到[0,1]范围来获取RGBA值,并使用缩放值调用colormap plt.cm.coolwarm。当以这种方式调用时,matplotlib色彩映射返回一个RGBA值的数组,每一行都给出相应输入值的颜色。例如:
>>> t = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
>>> t
array([ 0. , 0.25, 0.5 , 0.75, 1. ])
>>> plt.cm.coolwarm(t)
array([[ 0.2298, 0.2987, 0.7537, 1. ],
[ 0.5543, 0.6901, 0.9955, 1. ],
[ 0.8674, 0.8644, 0.8626, 1. ],
[ 0.9567, 0.598 , 0.4773, 1. ],
[ 0.7057, 0.0156, 0.1502, 1. ]])