1.输出:title(输出时首字母大写),upper(全部大写),lower(全部小写)
2.列表
eg:motorcycles = [‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
(1)索引:从0开始,-1表示最后一个
(2)改变:motorcycles[0] = ‘ducati’,将第一个元素‘honda’替换为‘ducati’;
(3)添加 append:motorcycles.append(‘ducati’)在末尾添加上元素‘ducati’;
eg:motorcycles = []
motorcycles.append(‘honda’)
motorcycles.append(‘yamaha’)
motorcycles.append(‘suzuki’)
print(motorcycles)
输出:[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
(4)插入insert;motorcycles.insert(0,‘ducati’)在第一个元素前面添加元素‘ducati’;
eg:motorcycles = [‘honda’,‘yamaha’,‘suzuki’]
motorcycles.insert(0,‘ducati’)
print(motorcycles)
输出:[‘ducati’, ‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
(5)删除del或 .pop( )或remove:
del motorcycles[0]删除第一个元素;
popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop()删除最后一个元素;
eg:motorcycles = [‘honda’,‘yamaha’,‘suzuki’]
print(motorcycles)
popped_motorcycle = motorcycles.pop()
print(motorcycles)
print(popped_motorcycle)
motorcycles.remove(‘honda’)删除元素‘honda’;
输出:[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’]
suzuki
(6)排序:sort按字母排序:motorcycles.sort()、按字母倒序:motorcycles.sort(reverse = True)
reverse按字母出现的后先顺序:motorcycles.reverse()
eg:cars = [‘bmw’,‘audi’,‘toyota’,‘subaru’]
cars.reverse()
print(cars)
输出:[‘subaru’, ‘toyota’, ‘audi’, ‘bmw’]
3.操作列表
(1)函数range()
eg:for value in range(1,5)
print(value)
打印出: 1
2
3
4
注意print的缩进
(2)用range()创建数字列表
eg:numbers = list(range(1,6))
print(numbers)
打印出:[1,2,3,4,5]
eg:打印偶数
numbers = list(range(2,11,2))
print(numbers)
打印出:[2,4,6,8,10]
eg:打印奇数
numbers = list(range(1,11,2))
print(numbers)
打印出:[1,3,5,7,9,11]
(3)对数字列表执行简单的统计计算
eg:digits = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
print(min(digits))
print(max(digits))
print(sum(digits))
分别打印出最小值0,最大值9以及和45
(4)列表解析:一行代码生成列表
eg:squares = [value**2 for value in range(1,11)]
print(squares)
打印出1到10整数的平方
[1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81,100]
4.使用列表的一部分
切片:列表的部分元素
eg:players = [‘charles’,‘martina’,‘florence’,‘eli’]
(1)打印前三个
print(players[0:3])
(2)打印列表的第2-4个元素
print(players[1:4])
(3)打印列表的最后3个元素
print(players[-3:])
元组: 不可变的列表
条件判断:if
使用“:”,注意缩进
if-elif-else语句
eg: