Python 3 《List》入门练习

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#--------------字符串操作-----------------

name='aDe lovELace'

print(name.title())  #首字母大写

print(name.upper())  #全大写

print(name.lower())  #全小写

print('------------Next------------')



first_name = "einstein"

last_name = "albert"

full_name = first_name + " " + last_name

message = full_name.title() +"once said," + "A person who never made a mistake never tried," \

                                            " anything new."

print(message)



print('------------Next------------')

fav_language = 'python '

fav_language = fav_language.rstrip() #删除字符串尾部的空白，包括 .lstrip 和 .scrip

fav_num=666

print('fav_language')

print('Your favouriate number is '+str(fav_num)) #必须调用str()函数，将整数变为字符串类型



#--------------列表操作----------------

bicycles = (['trek', 'cannondale', 'redline', 'specialized'])

print('\n原始的的列表:')

print(bicycles)



bicycles.append('ducati')#末尾插入元素

bicycles.insert(1,'inda') #某个位置插入元素



print('\n插入元素后的列表:')

print(bicycles)



print("\n临时排序后的列表:")

print(sorted(bicycles)) #非永久性排序,字母顺序，不改变原始列表的顺序

print(sorted(bicycles,reverse=True)) #非永久性排序,字母反顺序，不改变原始列表的顺序



print("\n重新打印刚刚临时排序的列表:")

print(bicycles)



bicycles.sort() #永久性排序,字母顺序

print('\n排序1后的列表:')

print(bicycles)



bicycles.sort(reverse=True)  #永久性排序，反字母顺序

print('\n排序2后的列表:')

print(bicycles)



bicycles.reverse() # 翻转列表原来的排列顺序

print('\n Reverse排序2后的列表:')

print(bicycles)



print(bicycles[-1]) #返回倒数第一个元素

print(bicycles[0].title()) #首字母大写



del bicycles[0] #根据位置删除元素

bicycles.remove('redline') #根据值删除元素，方法remove()只删除第一个指定的值。

# 如果要删除的值可能在列表中重复，就需使用循环来判断是否删除了所有的

print(bicycles)

print('\n删除元素后的列表:')

print(bicycles)



print(bicycles.pop()) #弹出末尾元素

print(bicycles.pop(2)) #弹出指定元素

print('\n弹出元素后的列表:')

print(bicycles)



len_b=len(bicycles)

print('\n列表长度:')

print(len_b)



#-------------遍历整个列表----------------

magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']

for magician in magicians:

    print(magician)

print('\n')

magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']

for magician in magicians:

    print(magician.title() + ", that was a great trick!")



#---------创建数值列表-----------

for value in range(1,5):

    print(value)



numbers=list(range(1,5)) # range()函数创建列表

print(numbers)

even_numbers=list(range(2,15,2)) # 指定间距为2，生成偶数列表

print(even_numbers)



#--------------------------------------------

square=[]

for value in range(1,11):

    square.append(value**2)  # 打印出 1-10 的平方的值

print(square)



#---------打印出 1-10 的平方的值------列表解析-------

squares=[value**2 for value in range(1,11)]

print(squares)





print(min(square))

print(max(square))

print(sum(square))



a=[v**2 for v in range(0,101,2)] #-等价于-- a= [v**2 for v in range(101) if v%2==0]

print(a)



#---------列表切片----------

players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']

print(players[1:4]) #返回第2-4个元素

print(players[-3:]) #返回名单上的倒数3个元素



#-------------遍历切片------------

players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']

print('Here are the first three players on my team:')

for player in players[:3]:

    print(player)



#-------------复制列表-----------

print("成功复制案例")

players=  ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']

My_plyers=players[:]

My_plyers.append('Lisa')

players.append('Christal')

print(My_plyers)

print(players)



players= ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']

for for_players in players:

    print(for_players)   #可复制，但打印出来的是一个一列，不是一行列表形式



players= ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']

for_players=[]

for i in players:

    for_players.append(players)

print(players)  #可复制，打印出来的是一个列表形式



#-------------非成功案例--------------

print("非成功复制案例")

players=  ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']

My_plyers=players

My_plyers.append('Lisa')

players.append('Christal')

print(My_plyers)

print(players)



#-----------定义元祖------------

#元组定义用到的是小括号，而不是方括号；元组的索引类似于

dimensions=(20,50)

# print(dimensions[0])

# print(dimensions[1])

for dimension in dimensions:

    print(dimension)



# dimensions[0] = 250  #该语句修改元组内的值是违法的



#----------修改元组内元素------------

dimensions = (200, 50)

print("Original dimensions:")

for dimension in dimensions:

    print(dimension)



dimensions = (400, 100)

print("\nModified dimensions:")

for dimension in dimensions:

    print(dimension)    # 此时修改元组的值不违法



print('1'+'\t'+'2') # 制表符\t是三个空格的距离

print('1'+' '+'2')

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