使用python进行简单的图形界面开发

1 处理的大体流程

2 使用PyQt5进行图形界面开发

2.1 入门参考链接

1）博客参考链接_01

2）博客参考链接_02

 

2.2 控件上添加执行动作

1）点击菜单栏上的“Edit Signal/Slot”按钮；

2）在要添加动作的控件上， 按住鼠标左键拖拽出如步骤2的图标；

3）放开鼠标左键， 弹出“Configure Connection”对话框；

4）根据步骤4， 选择控件的“激发动作的事件”；

5）根据步骤5，编辑一个函数名， 具体实现逻辑在python的调用代码实现；

6）根据步骤6， 选择要执行的函数；

7）点击“OK”确认动作；

 

2.3 美元兑换人民币demo

1 QtDesigner生成的图形界面代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'gu_test.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.13.0
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(1263, 1232)
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle("shy")
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 80, 211, 41))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.textBrowser = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.centralwidget)
        self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(500, 80, 256, 41))
        self.textBrowser.setObjectName("textBrowser")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 60, 72, 15))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(500, 60, 72, 15))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(350, 90, 93, 28))
        self.pushButton.setAutoFillBackground(False)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.actionSave = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionSave.setObjectName("actionSave")
        self.actionExit = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionExit.setObjectName("actionExit")
        self.actionExit_2 = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionExit_2.setObjectName("actionExit_2")
        self.actionHello1 = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionHello1.setObjectName("actionHello1")
        self.actionHello2 = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.actionHello2.setObjectName("actionHello2")

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(MainWindow.convert)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
        MainWindow.setTabOrder(self.textBrowser, self.lineEdit)
        MainWindow.setTabOrder(self.lineEdit, self.pushButton)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "美元"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "人民币"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "转换"))
        self.actionSave.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Save"))
        self.actionExit.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))
        self.actionExit_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))
        self.actionHello1.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Hello1"))
        self.actionHello2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Hello2"))

 

2 调用QtDesigner生成的图形界面代码

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
from functools import partial
from gu_test import * # 引入QtDesigner生成的模块

# 逻辑封装类
class MyWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MyWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)

    # 按钮的处理逻辑：1 获取输入信息；2 处理输入信息；3 展示结果信息
    def convert(self):
        input_content = self.lineEdit.text()
        result = float(input_content) * 6.7
        self.textBrowser.setText(str(result))

# 主函数
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWin = MyWindow()
    myWin.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

3 效果图

4 打包成exe可执行文件

1）参考_01

2）参考_02