Opencv-python 常用操作函数速查笔记

原文即图片数据：https://github.com/JiageWang/Note/tree/master/opencv

一、阈值操作

1. 阈值处理 cv2.threshold(）

ret, dst = cv2.threshold(src, thresh, maxval, method)

函数参数

• src：原图像

• thresh：阈值

• maxval：阈值分割后得到图像的最大值

• method：操作方法，主要有以下六种，可使用|操作符叠加使用

  • cv2.THRESH_BINARY：二进制阈值化，大于thresh元素处理为maxval，其余为0

    [外链图片转存失败(img-gTHTlvdE-1565772011808)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\Threshold_Tutorial_Theory_Binary.png)]

  • cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV：反二进制阈值化，小于thresh元素处理为maxval，其余为0

    [外链图片转存失败(img-Qd9W2Xzv-1565772011810)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\Threshold_Tutorial_Theory_Binary_Inverted.png)]

  • cv2.THRESH_TOZERO：阈值化为0，小于thresh元素处理为0，其余不变

    [外链图片转存失败(img-c6XUamQO-1565772011810)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\Threshold_Tutorial_Theory_Zero.png)]

  • cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV：反阈值化为0，大于thresh元素处理为0，其余不变

    [外链图片转存失败(img-rvkeuIMV-1565772011811)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\Threshold_Tutorial_Theory_Zero_Inverted.png)]

  • cv2.THRESH_TRUNC：截断阈值化，大于thresh部分处理为thresh，其余不变

    [外链图片转存失败(img-jm5QEuh2-1565772011811)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\Threshold_Tutorial_Theory_Truncate.png)]

  • cv2.THRESH_OTSU：大津算法，自适应阈值，将thresh设置为0

返回值

• ret：返回阈值
• dst：处理结果

实例效果

二进制阈值化

img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

[外链图片转存失败(img-LVA4XXOf-1565772011812)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\binary.jpg)]

反二进制阈值化

img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)

[外链图片转存失败(img-a020TbiC-1565772011812)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\binary_inv.jpg)]

阈值化为0

img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TOZERO)

[外链图片转存失败(img-N7UM2hhs-1565772011812)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\tozero.jpg)]

反阈值化为0

img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)

[外链图片转存失败(img-vr9xaAIF-1565772011813)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\tozero_inv.jpg)]

截断阈值化

img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TRUNC)

[外链图片转存失败(img-tAtE5Tzy-1565772011813)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\trunc.jpg)]

自适应阈值化

img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_OSTU)

[外链图片转存失败(img-DGgaFXYT-1565772011813)(C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive\笔记\opencv\ostu.jpg)]

二、平滑处理

1. 均值滤波 cv2.blur()

dst = cv2.blur(src, ksize)
<