PAT (Advanced Level) 1001 A+B Format (20 分)

序：
这是一道关于字符串处理的题。

Calculate a+b and output the sum in standard format – that is, the digits must be separated into groups of three by commas (unless there are less than four digits).

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. Each case contains a pair of integers a and b where −10​6​​≤a,b≤10​6​​. The numbers are separated by a space.

Output Specification:

For each test case, you should output the sum of a and b in one line. The sum must be written in the standard format.

Sample Input:

-1000000 9

Sample Output:

-999,991

题目概述：
把两数相加后的结果按照从后到前三位一个逗号的格式输出。

分析：
1.将int转为string方便处理
2.将原结果的str1从后往前遍历，每三个数位加一个’,’（注意首位不加)，并将该结果写入str2
3.str2反转后即为所求

//从后到前加,
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a, b;
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
    int sum = a + b;
    if(sum < 0) printf("-");
    string str1 = to_string(abs(sum));
    string str2;
    for(int i = 0; i < str1.size(); i++)
    {
        str2 += str1[str1.size() - 1 - i];
        if((i + 1) % 3 == 0 && i != str1.size() - 1) str2 += ',';
    }
    reverse(str2.begin(),str2.end());
    printf("%s", str2.c_str());
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

总结：
这道题一开始debug了半天，通过测试样例发现原来我写的逗号是从前往后加的，直接傻了。。。所以，还是想清楚题目要求再编码！

续。2022.01.07代码：

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

string format(int num) {
    // 提取负号
    bool isNegative = false;
    if(num < 0) {
        isNegative = true;
        num = abs(num);
    }
    //反向找num
    string res = "";
    string mynum = to_string(num);
    int cnt = 0;
    //每三个加逗号
    for(int i = mynum.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        if(cnt % 3 != 0 || i == mynum.size() - 1)
            res += mynum[i];
        else {
            res += ',';
            res += mynum[i];
        }
        ++cnt;
    }
    //反向结果
    reverse(res.begin(), res.end());
    //加负号
    if (isNegative)
        res = "-" + res;
    return res;
}

int main() {
    int a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << format(a + b) << endl;
    return 0;
}