java实现邮件发送

邮件基础知识

1 邮件客户端
-Foxmail
-OutLook(Express,Microsoft outLook)
- Thunderbind(linux平台)
2 邮件服务端
-Microsoft ExchangServer
- IBM Lotus Notes
- SendMail Qmail,james
3 主要协议
- 发送端口25,接收端口110
- 发送SMTP，Simple Mail Transfer Proctol
- 接收 Pop3,PostOffice protocol3(POP)
4 接收 IMAP,Internet Message Access Protocol IMAP4
-摘要浏览
-选择下载附件
-多文件夹
-网络硬盘
5 邮件格式
-RFC822邮件格式,邮件头,文字邮件正文
-MIME,图片,音频,视频
6 邮件编码
-纯英文邮件,ASCII编码,7bit
8Bit编码 – BASE64，6个bit, A-Za-z0-9+/ – Quoted-printable,对每个非ASCII字 符用“=“加上这个字符的十六进制编码.
7 JAVA邮件发送的依赖包

com.sun.main
javax.mail
1.6.2

8 主要类
-session:邮件会话 和httpsession不通
- store:邮件存储空间
- Folder:邮件文件夹
- Message 电子邮件
- Address邮件地址
- Transport发送协议类
9 邮件报文体封装
(1) 发送报文体封装

package messages;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
public class AttachmentMessage 
{
	public static MimeMessage generate() throws Exception
	{
		String from = "***********@qq.com "; // 发件人地址
		String to = "*******************@qq.com"; // 收件人地址
		
        String subject = "多附件邮件";        //邮件主题
        String body = "<a href=http://www.ecnu.edu.cn>" +
        			  "欢迎大家访问我们的网站</a></br>"; 
      
        // 创建Session实例对象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(new Properties());
     	// 创建MimeMessage实例对象
     	MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);            
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
        message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,
        		InternetAddress.parse(to));
        message.setSubject(subject);

        //message.setRecipients("MimeMessage.RecipientType.CC", new InternetAddress("ee@receive.com", "USER_EE", "UTF-8"));
        
        //创建代表邮件正文和附件的各个MimeBodyPart对象
        MimeBodyPart contentPart = createContent(body);
        MimeBodyPart attachPart1 = createAttachment("c:/temp/ecnu4.jpg");
        MimeBodyPart attachPart2 = createAttachment("c:/temp/ecnu5.jpg");
        
        //创建用于组合邮件正文和附件的MimeMultipart对象
        MimeMultipart allMultipart = new MimeMultipart("mixed");
        allMultipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
        allMultipart.addBodyPart(attachPart1);
        allMultipart.addBodyPart(attachPart2);
        
        //设置整个邮件内容为最终组合出的MimeMultipart对象
        message.setContent(allMultipart);
        message.saveChanges();
        
        //message.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("e:/ComplexMessage.eml"));
        return message;
	}
	
	public static MimeBodyPart createContent(String body) throws Exception
	{
        MimeBodyPart htmlBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();          
        htmlBodyPart.setContent(body,"text/html;charset=gb2312");
        return htmlBodyPart;
	}
	
	public static MimeBodyPart createAttachment(String filename) throws Exception
	{
		//创建保存附件的MimeBodyPart对象，并加入附件内容和相应信息
		MimeBodyPart attachPart = new MimeBodyPart();
        FileDataSource fds = new FileDataSource(filename);
        attachPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
        attachPart.setFileName(fds.getName());
		return attachPart;
	}
}

(2) text格式的报文体封装

package messages;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

public class TextMessage {
	public static MimeMessage generate() throws Exception {
		String from = "***********@qq.com "; // 发件人地址
		String to = "*******************@qq.com"; // 收件人地址
		
		String subject = "test";
		String body = "您好,这是来自一封qq的测试邮件";

		// 创建Session实例对象
		Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(new Properties());
		// 创建MimeMessage实例对象
		MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
		// 设置发件人
		message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
		// 设置收件人
		message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(to));
		// 设置发送日期
		message.setSentDate(new Date());
		// 设置邮件主题
		message.setSubject(subject);
		// 设置纯文本内容的邮件正文
		message.setText(body);
		// 保存并生成最终的邮件内容
		message.saveChanges();

		// 把MimeMessage对象中的内容写入到文件中
		//msg.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("e:/test.eml"));
		return message;
	}
}

(3)发送邮件

package tools;

import javax.mail.*;
import java.util.*;
import messages.*;


public class MailClientSend {
  private Session session;
  private Transport transport;
  private String username = "lychen@sei.ecnu.edu.cn";
  private String password = "1234567899";
  private String smtpServer = "webmail.ecnu.edu.cn";
  
  public void init()throws Exception
  {
	//设置属性
    Properties  props = new Properties();
    props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
    props.put("mail.smtp.class", "com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport");
    props.put("mail.smtp.host", smtpServer); //设置发送邮件服务器
    props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
    props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); //SMTP服务器需要身份验证    

    // 创建Session对象
    session = Session.getInstance(props,new Authenticator(){   //验账账户 
        public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 
          return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password); 
        }            
 });
    session.setDebug(true); //输出跟踪日志
    
    // 创建Transport对象
    transport = session.getTransport();           
  }
  
  public void sendMessage()throws Exception{
    //创建一个邮件
    //Message msg = TextMessage.generate();
	//Message msg = HtmlMessage.generate();
	Message msg = AttachmentMessage.generate();
    //发送邮件    
    transport.connect();
    transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
    //打印结果
    System.out.println("邮件已经成功发送");
  } 
  
  public void close()throws Exception
  {
	transport.close();
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
	  
    MailClientSend client=new MailClientSend();
    //初始化
    client.init();
    //发送邮件
    client.sendMessage();
    //关闭连接
    client.close();
  }
}

10 将邮件设为定时任务进行发送
结合java的定时器,进行邮件发送