概念:
通过Intent在ACtivity和Service之间通信
//定义Intent
private Intent serviceIntent;
//将MainActivity和EchoService服务进行联系
serviceIntent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,EchoService.class);
//启动服务
startService(serviceIntent);
//绑定服务
bindService(serviceIntent,this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
//解绑服务
unbindService(this);
启动Service两种方式
startService
bindService
一。创建MainActivity界面,和EchoService服务,在MainActivity创建5个BUTTON来进行,启动服务,关闭服务,绑定服务,解绑服务,获取服务中的值。
MainActivity界面
package com.example.service;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements Button.OnClickListener, ServiceConnection {
private Button btnStartService;
private Button btnStopService;
private Intent serviceIntent;
private Button btnBindService;
private Button btnUbindService;
private EchoService echoService=null;
private Button getCurrent;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnStartService=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btnStartService);
btnStartService.setOnClickListener(this);
btnStopService=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btnStopService);
btnStopService.setOnClickListener(this);
serviceIntent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,EchoService.class);
btnBindService=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btnBindService);
btnBindService.setOnClickListener(this);
btnUbindService=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btnUnbindService);
btnUbindService.setOnClickListener(this);
getCurrent=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btngetCurrent);
getCurrent.setOnClickListener(this);
}
public void onClick(View v){
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.btnStartService:
startService(serviceIntent);//启动服务
break;
case R.id.btnStopService:
stopService(serviceIntent);//停止服务
break;
case R.id.btnBindService:
bindService(serviceIntent,this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);//绑定服务
break;
case R.id.btnUnbindService:
unbindService(this);//解绑服务
echoService=null;
break;
case R.id.btngetCurrent://通过点击获得EchoServcice中i的值
System.out.println("当前数字是: "+echoService.getCurrentint());
}
}
//当绑定服务后,会自动调用这个函数
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName var1, IBinder binder){
echoService=((EchoService.EchoServiceBinder)binder).getService();//通过内部类获取类的实例
System.out.println("当前数字是: "+echoService.getCurrentint());
System.out.println("---------------onServiceConnected");
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName var1){
System.out.println("--------------- onServiceDisconnected");
}
}
EchoService界面
package com.example.service;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
public class EchoService extends Service {
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0){
System.out.println("--------------------------- onBind");
return echoServiceBinder;
}
public void onCreate(){
System.out.println("-------------------- onCreate");
startTimer();
super.onCreate();
}
public void onDestroy(){
stopTimer();
super.onDestroy();
System.out.println("---------------------onDestroy");
}
public int getCurrentint(){
return i;
}
//定义内部类
private final EchoServiceBinder echoServiceBinder=new EchoServiceBinder();
public class EchoServiceBinder extends Binder{ //创建内部类
public EchoService getService(){
return EchoService.this;//取得服务的实例
}
}
//定义定时器
private int i=0;
private Timer timer=null;
private TimerTask task=null;
public void startTimer(){
if(timer==null){
timer=new Timer();
task=new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {//每隔1s调用一次
i++;
System.out.println(i);
}
};
timer.schedule(task,1000,1000);//任务 启动延时 没个多少秒
}
}
public void stopTimer() {
if (timer != null)
{
timer.cancel();
task.cancel();
timer=null;
task=null;
}
}
}
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnStartService"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:layout_marginTop="42dp"
android:text="Start"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnStopService"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:layout_marginTop="28dp"
android:text="Stop"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnStartService" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnBindService"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="1dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="1dp"
android:layout_marginTop="42dp"
android:text="BindService"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/btnUnbindService"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnUnbindService"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="28dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="100dp"
android:layout_marginRight="100dp"
android:text="UnbindService"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnBindService" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btngetCurrent"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="78dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="78dp"
android:layout_marginTop="46dp"
android:text="getCurrent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/btnStopService"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btnStopService" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.service">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".EchoService"></service>
</application>
</manifest>