CBAM的理解、Pytorch实现及用法

1. 总述

对于卷积神经网络生成的feature map，CBAM从通道和空间两个维度计算feature map的attention map，然后将attention map与输入的feature map相乘来进行特征的自适应学习。CBAM是一个轻量的通用模块，可以将其融入到各种卷积神经网络中进行端到端的训练。也就是说由于CBMA模块输入和输出的featuremap大小是一致的，因此可用于网络的各层。

2. CBAM模块

2.1 CAM模块

2.2 SAM模块

3. CBAM的Pytorch实现

# ------------------------#
# CBAM模块的Pytorch实现
# ------------------------#

# 通道注意力模块
class ChannelAttentionModule(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channel, reduction=16):  
        super(ChannelAttentionModule, self).__init__()
        mid_channel = channel // reduction
        # 使用自适应池化缩减map的大小，保持通道不变  
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.max_pool = nn.AdaptiveMaxPool2d(1)
        
        self.shared_MLP = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(in_features=channel, out_features=mid_channel),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(in_features=mid_channel, out_features=channel)
        )
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()
        # self.act=SiLU()
    
    def forward(self, x):
        avgout = self.shared_MLP(self.avg_pool(x).view(x.size(0),-1)).unsqueeze(2).unsqueeze(3)
        maxout = self.shared_MLP(self.max_pool(x).view(x.size(0),-1)).unsqueeze(2).unsqueeze(3)
        return self.sigmoid(avgout + maxout)
        
# 空间注意力模块
class SpatialAttentionModule(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SpatialAttentionModule, self).__init__()
        self.conv2d = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=2, out_channels=1, kernel_size=7, stride=1, padding=3) 
        # self.act=SiLU()
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()
    
    def forward(self, x):
        # map尺寸不变，缩减通道
        avgout = torch.mean(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        maxout, _ = torch.max(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        out = torch.cat([avgout, maxout], dim=1)
        out = self.sigmoid(self.conv2d(out))
        return out

# CBAM模块
class CBAM(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channel): 
        super(CBAM, self).__init__()
        self.channel_attention = ChannelAttentionModule(c1)
        self.spatial_attention = SpatialAttentionModule()

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.channel_attention(x) * x
        out = self.spatial_attention(out) * out
        return out

4. ResNet中与一个ResBlock集成的CBAM的用法

4.1 个人理解

4.2 Pytorch代码实现

# ------------------#
# ResBlock+CBAM
# ------------------#
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision


class ChannelAttentionModule(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channel, ratio=16):
        super(ChannelAttentionModule, self).__init__()
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.max_pool = nn.AdaptiveMaxPool2d(1)

        self.shared_MLP = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(channel, channel // ratio, 1, bias=False),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(channel // ratio, channel, 1, bias=False)
        )
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        avgout = self.shared_MLP(self.avg_pool(x))
        print(avgout.shape)
        maxout = self.shared_MLP(self.max_pool(x))
        return self.sigmoid(avgout + maxout)


class SpatialAttentionModule(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(SpatialAttentionModule, self).__init__()
        self.conv2d = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=2, out_channels=1, kernel_size=7, stride=1, padding=3)
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        avgout = torch.mean(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        maxout, _ = torch.max(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        out = torch.cat([avgout, maxout], dim=1)
        out = self.sigmoid(self.conv2d(out))
        return out


class CBAM(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channel):
        super(CBAM, self).__init__()
        self.channel_attention = ChannelAttentionModule(channel)
        self.spatial_attention = SpatialAttentionModule()

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.channel_attention(x) * x
        print('outchannels:{}'.format(out.shape))
        out = self.spatial_attention(out) * out
        return out


class ResBlock_CBAM(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,in_places, places, stride=1,downsampling=False, expansion = 4):
        super(ResBlock_CBAM,self).__init__()
        self.expansion = expansion
        self.downsampling = downsampling

        self.bottleneck = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels=in_places,out_channels=places,kernel_size=1,stride=1, bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(places),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels=places, out_channels=places, kernel_size=3, stride=stride, padding=1, bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(places),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels=places, out_channels=places*self.expansion, kernel_size=1, stride=1, bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(places*self.expansion),
        )
        self.cbam = CBAM(channel=places*self.expansion)

        if self.downsampling:
            self.downsample = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(in_channels=in_places, out_channels=places*self.expansion, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(places*self.expansion)
            )
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)

    def forward(self, x):
        residual = x
        out = self.bottleneck(x)
        print(x.shape)
        out = self.cbam(out)
        if self.downsampling:
            residual = self.downsample(x)

        out += residual
        out = self.relu(out)
        return out


model = ResBlock_CBAM(in_places=16, places=4)
print(model)

input = torch.randn(1, 16, 64, 64)
out = model(input)
print(out.shape)

参考文献

• CBAM实现(pytorch)
• CBAM的理解pytorch实现和用法