转换构造函数

功能

将其它类型数据转换为一个类对象

注意

1. 只有一个形参
   原因：如果有多个参数的话，不知道把那个参数转换为类对象
2. 测试也能隐式调用Demo2

Demo1

#include <iostream>
#include "Test2.h"
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

class B {
public:
	int Bnum;
	string Bstring;
	B(int,string);
};

B::B(int Bnum,string Bstring) {
this->Bnum = Bnum;
this->Bstring = Bstring;
}

class A {
public:
	double num;
	A(double);
	A(B &b);
	void display();
};

A::A(double num) {
	this->num = num;
}

A::A(B &b) {
this->num = b.Bnum;
}

void A::display() {
cout<<num;
}

int main() {
B b1(123,"aa");
A a = A(b1); //这里匿名对象编译不过，暂不知道原因
a.display();
}

Demo2

class A {
public:
	double Anum;
	string Astring;
	A(double,string);
	A(double);
	void display();
	A operator+ (A);
};

A::A(double Anum,string Astring) {
	this->Anum = Anum;
	this->Astring = Astring;
}

A::A(double num) {
	this->Anum = num;
	this->Astring = "aaa";
}

A A::operator +(A a2) {
	A a3(0,"000");
	a3.Anum = this->Anum+a2.Anum;
	a3.Astring = a2.Astring;
	return a3;
}

void A::display() {
cout<<Anum;
cout<<Astring;
}

int main() {
	A a(1,"aa");
    A finalA = a+1.1;
    finalA.display(); //2.1aaa
}

重载了+，处理a+1.1解释为operator+(a, 1.1)
1.1不是类A的对象，系统调用A(double)，建立一个临时A对象，值为(1.1, aaa)
函数调用相当于operator+(a, A(1,1))
a与临时对象(1,1, “aaa”)执行重载相加，输出2.1aaa