Description
Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D and M.
Symbol Value
I 1
V 5
X 10
L 50
C 100
D 500
M 1000
For example, two is written as II in Roman numeral, just two one’s added together. Twelve is written as, XII, which is simply X + II. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII, which is XX + V + II.
Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII. Instead, the number four is written as IV. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX. There are six instances where subtraction is used:
I can be placed before V (5) and X (10) to make 4 and 9.
X can be placed before L (50) and C (100) to make 40 and 90.
C can be placed before D (500) and M (1000) to make 400 and 900.
Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.
Example
Example 1:
Input: “III”
Output: 3
Example 2:
Input: “IV”
Output: 4
Example 3:
Input: “IX”
Output: 9
Example 4:
Input: “LVIII”
Output: 58
Explanation: L = 50, V= 5, III = 3.
Example 5:
Input: “MCMXCIV”
Output: 1994
Explanation: M = 1000, CM = 900, XC = 90 and IV = 4.
Submissions
本题的解题思路与上一题相似,利用Python中的字典来表示罗马数字与整数之间的映射关系,字典中的 key为罗马数字,value为对应的整数.字典romanToInt中根据题目描述一共有13种映射情况,按照对应的整数从小到大的顺序建立。然后循环遍历字符串,若字符串中连续两位符合字典中的某个key,则遍历位标加二,否则加一.最后返回整数和int.
实现代码如下:
class Solution:
def romanToInt(self, s: str) -> int:
romanToInt ={"I":1,"IV":4,"V":5,"IX":9,"X":10,"XL":40,"L":50,"XC":90,"C":100,"CD":400,"D":500,"CM":900,"M":1000}
int,i = 0,0
while i <len(s):
if i<len(s)-1 and s[i:i+2] in romanToInt:
int += romanToInt[s[i:i+2]]
i += 2
else:
int += romanToInt[s[i]]
i += 1
return int
Runtime: 44 ms
Memory Usage: 12.7 MB