状态机模式C++

#include <iostream>  
using namespace std;

#define SAFE_DELETE(p) if (p) { delete p; p = NULL; }

/*声明Context类*/
class Context;
 
/*抽象状态类:定义一个接口以封装与Context的一个特定状态相关的行为*/
class State
{
public:
     virtual void Handle(Context *pContext) = 0;
};

/*Context类，维护一个ConcreteState子类的实例，这个实例定义当前的状态*/
class Context
{
public:
     Context(State *pState) : m_pState(pState){}
 
     void Request()
     {
          if (m_pState)
          {
               m_pState->Handle(this);
          }
     }
 
     void ChangeState(State *pState)
     {
          m_pState = pState;
     }
 
private:
     State *m_pState; //这里的State指针是实现特定状态相关的关键
};

class ConcreteStateA : public State
{
public:
     virtual void Handle(Context *pContext)
     {
          cout<<"I am concretestateA."<<endl;
     }
};
 
class ConcreteStateB : public State
{
public:
     virtual void Handle(Context *pContext)
     {
          cout<<"I am concretestateB."<<endl;
     }
};
 

int main()
{
     State *pStateA = new ConcreteStateA();//初始化两个具体状态类对象
     State *pStateB = new ConcreteStateB();
     Context *pContext = new Context(pStateA); //将具体状态类对象交由Context类管理
     
     pContext->Request();//Context类根据对象状态，调用该对象的特定函数Request
     pContext->ChangeState(pStateB); //改变对象状态
     pContext->Request();

     SAFE_DELETE(pContext);
     SAFE_DELETE(pStateB);
     SAFE_DELETE(pStateA);
     
     return 0;
}

 

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