https://www.cnblogs.com/albert1017/p/3949398.html
转:ANDROID音频系统散记之四:4.0音频系统HAL初探
昨天(2011-11-15)发布了Android4.0的源码,今天download下来,开始挺进4.0时代。简单看了一下,发现音频系统方面与2.3的有较多地方不同,下面逐一描述。
一、代码模块位置
1、AudioFlinger
- frameworks/base/services/audioflinger/
- +-- Android.mk
- +-- AudioBufferProvider.h
- +-- AudioFlinger.cpp
- +-- AudioFlinger.h
- +-- AudioMixer.cpp
- +-- AudioMixer.h
- +-- AudioPolicyService.cpp
- +-- AudioPolicyService.h
- +-- AudioResampler.cpp
- +-- AudioResamplerCubic.cpp
- +-- AudioResamplerCubic.h
- +-- AudioResampler.h
- +-- AudioResamplerSinc.cpp
- +-- AudioResamplerSinc.h
AudioFlinger相关代码,好像这部分与2.3相差不大,至少接口是兼容的。值得注意的是:2.3位于这里的还有AudioHardwareGeneric、AudioHardwareInterface、A2dpAudioInterface等一系列接口代码,现在都移除了。实际上,这些接口变更为legacy(有另外更好的实现方式,但也兼容之前的方法),取而代之的是要实现hardware/libhardware/include/hardware/audio.h提供的接口,这是一个较大的变化。
两种Audio Hardware HAL接口定义:
1/ legacy:hardware/libhardware_legacy/include/hardware_legacy/AudioHardwareInterface.h
2/ current:hardware/libhardware/include/hardware/audio.h
2、audio_hw
- hardware/libhardware_legacy/audio/
- +-- A2dpAudioInterface.cpp
- +-- A2dpAudioInterface.h
- +-- Android.mk
- +-- AudioDumpInterface.cpp
- +-- AudioDumpInterface.h
- +-- AudioHardwareGeneric.cpp
- +-- AudioHardwareGeneric.h
- +-- AudioHardwareInterface.cpp
- +-- AudioHardwareStub.cpp
- +-- AudioHardwareStub.h
- +-- audio_hw_hal.cpp
- +-- AudioPolicyCompatClient.cpp
- +-- AudioPolicyCompatClient.h
- +-- audio_policy_hal.cpp
- +-- AudioPolicyManagerBase.cpp
- +-- AudioPolicyManagerDefault.cpp
- +-- AudioPolicyManagerDefault.h
上面提及的AudioHardwareGeneric、AudioHardwareInterface、A2dpAudioInterface等都放到libhardware_legacy里。
事实上legacy也要封装成current中的audio.h,确切的说需要一个联系legacy interface和not legacy interface的中间层,这里的audio_hw_hal.cpp就充当这样的一个角色了。因此,我们其实也可以把2.3之前的alsa_sound这一套东西也搬过来。
- hardware/libhardware/modules/audio/
- +-- Android.mk
- +-- audio_hw.c
- +-- audio_policy.c
这是一个stub(类似于2.3中的AudioHardwareStub),大多数函数只是简单的返回一个值,并没有实际操作,只是保证Android能得到一个audio hardware hal实例,从而启动运行,当然声音没有输出到外设的。在底层音频驱动或audio hardware hal还没有实现好的情况下,可以使用这个stub device,先让Android跑起来。
- device/samsung/tuna/audio/
- +-- Android.mk
- +-- audio_hw.c
- +-- ril_interface.c
- +-- ril_interface.h
这是Samsung Tuna的音频设备抽象层,很有参考价值,计划以后就在它的基础上进行移植。它调用tinyalsa的接口,可见这个方案的底层音频驱动是alsa。
3、tinyalsa
- external/tinyalsa/
- +-- Android.mk
- +-- include
- | +-- tinyalsa
- | +-- asoundlib.h
- +-- mixer.c ##类alsa-lib的control,作用音频部件开关、音量调节等
- +-- pcm.c ##类alsa-lib的pcm,作用音频pcm数据回放录制
- +-- README
- +-- tinycap.c ##类alsa_arecord
- +-- tinymix.c ##类alsa_amixer
- +-- tinyplay.c ##类alsa_aplay
在2.3时代,Android还隐晦把它放在android2.3.1-gingerbread/device/samsung/crespo/libaudio,现在终于把alsa-lib一脚踢开,小三变正室了,正名tinyalsa。
这其实是历史的必然了,alsa-lib太过复杂繁琐了,我看得也很不爽;更重要的商业上面的考虑,必须移除被GNU GPL授权证所约束的部份,alsa-lib并不是个例。
注意:上面的hardware/libhardware_legacy/audio/、hardware/libhardware/modules/audio/、device/samsung/tuna/audio/是同层的。之一是legacy audio,用于兼容2.2时代的alsa_sound;之二是stub audio接口;之三是Samsung Tuna的音频抽象层实现。调用层次:AudioFlinger -> audio_hw -> tinyalsa。
二、Audio Hardware HAL加载
1、AudioFlinger
- //加载audio hardware hal
- static int load_audio_interface(const char *if_name, const hw_module_t **mod,
- audio_hw_device_t **dev)
- {
- int rc;
- //根据classid和if_name找到指定的动态库并加载,这里加载的是音频动态库,如libaudio.primary.tuna.so
- rc = hw_get_module_by_class(AUDIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, if_name, mod);
- if (rc)
- goto out;
- //加载好的动态库模块必有个open方法,调用open方法打开音频设备模块
- rc = audio_hw_device_open(*mod, dev);
- LOGE_IF(rc, "couldn't open audio hw device in %s.%s (%s)",
- AUDIO_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, if_name, strerror(-rc));
- if (rc)
- goto out;
- return 0;
- out:
- *mod = NULL;
- *dev = NULL;
- return rc;
- }
- //音频设备接口,hw_get_module_by_class需要根据这些字符串找到相关的音频模块库
- static const char *audio_interfaces[] = {
- "primary", //主音频设备,一般为本机codec
- "a2dp", //a2dp设备,蓝牙高保真音频
- "usb", //usb-audio设备,这个东东我2.3就考虑要实现了,现在终于支持了
- };
- #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof((x))/sizeof(((x)[0])))
- // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- AudioFlinger::AudioFlinger()
- : BnAudioFlinger(),
- mPrimaryHardwareDev(0), mMasterVolume(1.0f), mMasterMute(false), mNextUniqueId(1),
- mBtNrecIsOff(false)
- {
- }
- void AudioFlinger::onFirstRef()
- {
- int rc = 0;
- Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
- /* TODO: move all this work into an Init() function */
- mHardwareStatus = AUDIO_HW_IDLE;
- //打开audio_interfaces数组定义的所有音频设备
- for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(audio_interfaces); i++) {
- const hw_module_t *mod;
- audio_hw_device_t *dev;
- rc = load_audio_interface(audio_interfaces[i], &mod, &dev);
- if (rc)
- continue;
- LOGI("Loaded %s audio interface from %s (%s)", audio_interfaces[i],
- mod->name, mod->id);
- mAudioHwDevs.push(dev); //mAudioHwDevs是一个Vector,存储已打开的audio hw devices
- if (!mPrimaryHardwareDev) {
- mPrimaryHardwareDev = dev;
- LOGI("Using '%s' (%s.%s) as the primary audio interface",
- mod->name, mod->id, audio_interfaces[i]);
- }
- }
- mHardwareStatus = AUDIO_HW_INIT;
- if (!mPrimaryHardwareDev || mAudioHwDevs.size() == 0) {
- LOGE("Primary audio interface not found");
- return;
- }
- //对audio hw devices进行一些初始化,如mode、master volume的设置
- for (size_t i = 0; i < mAudioHwDevs.size(); i++) {
- audio_hw_device_t *dev = mAudioHwDevs[i];
- mHardwareStatus = AUDIO_HW_INIT;
- rc = dev->init_check(dev);
- if (rc == 0) {
- AutoMutex lock(mHardwareLock);
- mMode = AUDIO_MODE_NORMAL;
- mHardwareStatus = AUDIO_HW_SET_MODE;
- dev->set_mode(dev, mMode);
- mHardwareStatus = AUDIO_HW_SET_MASTER_VOLUME;