RNN识别mnist数据集

用tensorflow跑RNN实现手写体的识别,下面上两个RNN的结构图

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.contrib import rnn 
import input_data
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
print ("Packages imported")

mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("data/", one_hot=True)
trainimgs, trainlabels, testimgs, testlabels \
 = mnist.train.images, mnist.train.labels, mnist.test.images, mnist.test.labels 
ntrain, ntest, dim, nclasses \
 = trainimgs.shape[0], testimgs.shape[0], trainimgs.shape[1], trainlabels.shape[1]
print ("MNIST loaded")
diminput  = 28
dimhidden = 128
dimoutput = nclasses
nsteps    = 28
weights = {
    'hidden': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([diminput, dimhidden])), 
    'out': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([dimhidden, dimoutput]))
}
biases = {
    'hidden': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([dimhidden])),
    'out': tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([dimoutput]))
}
def _RNN(_X,_W,_b,_nsteps,_name):  
#第一步：转换输入，输入_X是还有batchSize=5的5张28*28图片，需要将输入从  
#[batchSize,nsteps,diminput]==>[nsteps,batchSize,diminput]  
    _X = tf.transpose(_X,[1,0,2])  
#第二步：reshape _X为[nsteps*batchSize,diminput]  
    _X = tf.reshape(_X,[-1,diminput])  
#第三步：input layer -> hidden layer  
    _H = tf.matmul(_X,_W['hidden'])+_b['hidden']  
#第四步：将数据切分为‘nsteps’个切片，第i个切片为第i个batch data  
    #tensoflow >0.12  
    _Hsplit = tf.split(_H,_nsteps,0)  
    #tensoflow <0.12  _Hsplit = tf.split(0,_nsteps,_H)  
#第五步：计算LSTM final output(_LSTM_O) 和 state(_LSTM_S)  
#_LSTM_O和_LSTM_S都有‘batchSize’个元素  
#_LSTM_O用于预测输出  
    with tf.variable_scope(_name) as scope:  
        #scope.reuse_variables()  
    # forget_bias = 1.0不忘记数据     
    ###tensorflow <1.0  
       # lstm_cell = tf.nn.rnn_cell.BasicLSTMCell(dimhidden,forget_bias = 1.0)  
        #_LSTM_O,_SLTM_S = tf.nn.rnn(lstm_cell,_Hsplit,dtype=tf.float32)  
    ###tensorflow 1.0  
        lstm_cell = rnn.BasicLSTMCell(dimhidden)  
        _LSTM_O,_LSTM_S = rnn.static_rnn(lstm_cell,_Hsplit,dtype=tf.float32)  
#第六步：输出,需要最后一个RNN单元作为预测输出所以取_LSTM_O[-1]  
        _O = tf.matmul(_LSTM_O[-1],_W['out'])+_b['out']  
    return {  
        'X':_X,  
        'H':_H,  
        '_Hsplit':_Hsplit,  
        'LSTM_O':_LSTM_O,  
        'LSTM_S':_LSTM_S,  
        'O':_O  
}  
print("Network Ready!")  
learning_rate = 0.001  
x = tf.placeholder("float",[None,nsteps,diminput])  
y = tf.placeholder("float",[None,dimoutput])  
myrnn = _RNN(x,weights,biases,nsteps,'basic1')  
pred = myrnn['O']  
cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=pred,labels=y))  
optm = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost)#Adam  
accr = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(tf.equal(tf.argmax(pred,1),tf.argmax(y,1)),tf.float32))  
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()  
print("Network Ready!")  
training_epochs = 5  
batch_size      = 16  
display_step    = 1  
sess = tf.Session()  
sess.run(init)  
print ("Start optimization")  
for epoch in range(training_epochs):  
    avg_cost = 0.  
    #total_batch = int(mnist.train.num_examples/batch_size)  
    total_batch = 100  
    # Loop over all batches  
    for i in range(total_batch):  
        batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)  
        batch_xs = batch_xs.reshape((batch_size, nsteps, diminput))  
        #print(batch_xs.shape)  
        #print(batch_ys.shape)  
        #batch_ys = batch_ys.reshape((batch_size, dimoutput))  
        # Fit training using batch data  
        feeds = {x: batch_xs, y: batch_ys}  
        sess.run(optm, feed_dict=feeds)  
        # Compute average loss  
        avg_cost += sess.run(cost, feed_dict=feeds)/total_batch  
    # Display logs per epoch step  
    if epoch % display_step == 0:   
        print ("Epoch: %03d/%03d cost: %.9f" % (epoch, training_epochs, avg_cost))  
        feeds = {x: batch_xs, y: batch_ys}  
        train_acc = sess.run(accr, feed_dict=feeds)  
        print (" Training accuracy: %.3f" % (train_acc))  
        testimgs = testimgs.reshape((ntest, nsteps, diminput))  
        feeds = {x: testimgs, y: testlabels}  
        test_acc = sess.run(accr, feed_dict=feeds)  
        print (" Test accuracy: %.3f" % (test_acc))  
print ("Optimization Finished.")  

打印结果：

Start optimization
Epoch: 000/005 cost: 1.964034666
 Training accuracy: 0.438
 Test accuracy: 0.410
Epoch: 001/005 cost: 1.420921708
 Training accuracy: 0.562
 Test accuracy: 0.475
Epoch: 002/005 cost: 1.189191381
 Training accuracy: 0.750
 Test accuracy: 0.482
Epoch: 003/005 cost: 1.054024348
 Training accuracy: 0.875
 Test accuracy: 0.597
Epoch: 004/005 cost: 0.930983863
 Training accuracy: 0.562
 Test accuracy: 0.606
Optimization Finished.