python中numpy模块的around方法_Python中numpy模块常见用法demo实例小结

本文实例总结了Python中numpy模块常见用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([[1,2,3], [2,3,4]])

print(arr)

print(type(arr))

print('number of dim:', arr.ndim)

print('shape:', arr.shape)

print('size:', arr.size)

[[1 2 3]

[2 3 4]]

number of dim: 2

shape: (2, 3)

size: 6

a32 = np.array([1,23,456], dtype=np.int)

print(a32.dtype)

a64 = np.array([1,23,456], dtype=np.int64)

print(a64.dtype)

f64 = np.array([1,23,456], dtype=np.float)

print(f64.dtype)

int32

int64

float64

z = np.zeros((3, 4))

print(z)

print(z.dtype)

print()

one = np.ones((3, 4), dtype=int)

print(one)

print(one.dtype)

print()

emt = np.empty((3, 4), dtype=int)

print(emt)

print(emt.dtype)

print()

ran = np.arange(12).reshape((3,4))

print(ran)

print(ran.dtype)

print()

li = np.linspace(1, 10, 6).reshape(2, 3)

print(li)

print(li.dtype)

[[0. 0. 0. 0.]

[0. 0. 0. 0.]

[0. 0. 0. 0.]]

float64

[[1 1 1 1]

[1 1 1 1]

[1 1 1 1]]

int32

[[ 0 1072693248 1717986918 1074161254]

[ 1717986918 1074947686 -1717986918 1075419545]

[ 1717986918 1075865190 0 1076101120]]

int32

[[ 0 1 2 3]

[ 4 5 6 7]

[ 8 9 10 11]]

int32

[[ 1. 2.8 4.6]

[ 6.4 8.2 10. ]]

float64

a = np.array([10,20,30,40])

b = np.arange(4)

print(a)

print(b)

print()

print(a+b)

print(a-b)

print(a*b)

print()

print(a**b)

print()

print(10*np.sin(a))

print()

print(b<3)

print()

[10 20 30 40]

[0 1 2 3]

[10 21 32 43]

[10 19 28 37]

[ 0 20 60 120]

[ 1 20 900 64000]

[-5.44021111 9.12945251 -9.88031624 7.4511316 ]

[ True True True False]

a = np.array([[1,2], [3,4]])

b = np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)

print(a)

print(b)

print()

print(a * b)

print(np.dot(a, b)) #矩阵乘法，或下面：

print(a.dot(b))

print()

[[1 2]

[3 4]]

[[0 1]

[2 3]]

[[ 0 2]

[ 6 12]]

[[ 4 7]

[ 8 15]]

[[ 4 7]

[ 8 15]]

a = np.random.random((2, 4))

print(a)

print(np.sum(a))

print(np.min(a))

print(np.max(a))

print()

print(np.sum(a, axis=1)) #返回每一行的和。 axis=1代表行

print(np.min(a, axis=0)) #返回每一列的最小值。 axis=0代表列

print(np.mean(a, axis=1)) #返回每一行的平均值

[[0.04456704 0.99481679 0.96599561 0.48590905]

[0.56512852 0.62887714 0.78829115 0.32759434]]

4.8011796551183945

0.04456704487406293

0.9948167913629338

[2.4912885 2.30989116]

[0.04456704 0.62887714 0.78829115 0.32759434]

[0.62282212 0.57747279]

A = np.arange(2, 14).reshape(3, 4)

print(A)

print(np.argmin(A)) #最小索引

print(np.argmax(A)) #最大索引

print()

print(A.mean())

print(np.median(A)) #中位数

print(A.cumsum()) #累加值

print(np.diff(A)) #相邻差值

print()

[[ 2 3 4 5]

[ 6 7 8 9]

[10 11 12 13]]

0

11

7.5

7.5

[ 2 5 9 14 20 27 35 44 54 65 77 90]

[[1 1 1]

[1 1 1]

[1 1 1]]

(array([0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2], dtype=int32), array([0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3], dtype=int32))

A = np.array([[1,0], [0,3]])

print(A)

print(A.nonzero()) #分别输出非零元素的行和列值

print(np.sort(A)) #逐行排序后的矩阵

print(np.sort(A, axis=0)) #逐列排序的矩阵

print(np.sort(A).nonzero())

print()

B = np.arange(14, 2, -1).reshape(3, 4)

print(B)

print(B.transpose()) #转置

print((B.T).dot(B)) #转置

print()

print(np.clip(B, 5, 9)) #B中将范围限定，大于9的数都为9，小于5的都为5，之间的数不变

print()

[[1 0]

[0 3]]

(array([0, 1], dtype=int32), array([0, 1], dtype=int32))

[[0 1]

[0 3]]

[[0 0]

[1 3]]

(array([0, 1], dtype=int32), array([1, 1], dtype=int32))

[[14 13 12 11]

[10 9 8 7]

[ 6 5 4 3]]

[[14 10 6]

[13 9 5]

[12 8 4]

[11 7 3]]

[[332 302 272 242]

[302 275 248 221]

[272 248 224 200]

[242 221 200 179]]

[[9 9 9 9]

[9 9 8 7]

[6 5 5 5]]

A = np.arange(3, 7)

print(A)

print(A[2])

print()

B = np.arange(3, 15).reshape(3, 4)

print(B)

print(B[2])

print(B[2][1])

print(B[2, 1])

print()

print(B[2, 2:])

print(B[1:, 2:])

print()

for row in B:

print(row)

print()

for col in B.T:

print(col)

print()

print(B.flatten())

for elm in B.flat:

print(elm)

[3 4 5 6]

5

[[ 3 4 5 6]

[ 7 8 9 10]

[11 12 13 14]]

[11 12 13 14]

12

12

[13 14]

[[ 9 10]

[13 14]]

[3 4 5 6]

[ 7 8 9 10]

[11 12 13 14]

[ 3 7 11]

[ 4 8 12]

[ 5 9 13]

[ 6 10 14]

[ 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14]

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

#矩阵合并

A = np.array([1,1,1])

B = np.array([2,2,2])

C = np.vstack((A, B, A, B))

print(C)

print(A.shape, (A.T).shape)

print(C.shape)

print()

D = np.hstack((A, B))

print(D)

print()

print(A[np.newaxis, :])

print(A[:, np.newaxis])

print(np.hstack((A[:, np.newaxis], B[:, np.newaxis])))

print()

print(np.stack((A,B), axis=0))

print(np.stack((A,B), axis=1))

#print(np.concatenate((A,B,B,A), axis=0))

#print(np.concatenate((A,B,B,A), axis=1))

[[1 1 1]

[2 2 2]

[1 1 1]

[2 2 2]]

(3,) (3,)

(4, 3)

[1 1 1 2 2 2]

[[1 1 1]]

[[1]

[1]

[1]]

[[1 2]

[1 2]

[1 2]]

[[1 1 1]

[2 2 2]]

[[1 2]

[1 2]

[1 2]]

A = np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4)

print(A)

print(np.split(A, 2, axis=1))

print(np.split(A, 3, axis=0))

print()

print(np.array_split(A, 3, axis=1)) #不等分割

print()

print(np.hsplit(A, 2))

print(np.vsplit(A, 1))

[[ 0 1 2 3]

[ 4 5 6 7]

[ 8 9 10 11]]

[array([[0, 1],

[4, 5],

[8, 9]]), array([[ 2, 3],

[ 6, 7],

[10, 11]])]

[array([[0, 1, 2, 3]]), array([[4, 5, 6, 7]]), array([[ 8, 9, 10, 11]])]

[array([[0, 1],

[4, 5],

[8, 9]]), array([[ 2],

[ 6],

[10]]), array([[ 3],

[ 7],

[11]])]

[array([[0, 1],

[4, 5],

[8, 9]]), array([[ 2, 3],

[ 6, 7],

[10, 11]])]

[array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3],

[ 4, 5, 6, 7],

[ 8, 9, 10, 11]])]

A = np.arange(4)

B = A

C = B

D = A.copy()

print(A, B, C, D)

A[0] = 5

print(A, B, C, D)

print(id(A), id(B), id(C), id(D)) #id返回指针的值(内存地址)

print()

[0 1 2 3] [0 1 2 3] [0 1 2 3] [0 1 2 3]

[5 1 2 3] [5 1 2 3] [5 1 2 3] [0 1 2 3]

172730832 172730832 172730832 172730792

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