B站python+opencv3.3视频教学笔记 03Numpy数组操作

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np


def access_pixels(image):
    print(image.shape)
    height = image.shape[0]
    width = image.shape[1]
    channels = image.shape[2]
    print("height : %s, width : %s, channels : %s"%(height, width, channels))
    for row in range(height):
        for col in range(width):
            for c in range(channels):
                pv = image[row, col, c]
                image[row, col, c] = 255 - pv
    cv.imshow("pixels_demo", image)


def inverse(image):
    dst = cv.bitwise_not(image)
    cv.imshow("inverse demo", dst)


def create_image():
    img = np.zeros([400, 400, 3], np.uint8)
    img[:, :, 0] = np.ones([400, 400])*255
    img[:, :, 2] = np.ones([400, 400])*255
    cv.imshow("New Image", img)


    img = np.ones([400, 400, 1], np.uint8)
    img = img * 127
    cv.imshow("new image", img)


    m1 = np.ones([3, 3], np.float32)
    m1.fill(122.388)
    print(m1)
    m2 = m1.reshape([1, 9])
    print(m2)


print("--------- Hello Python ---------")
src = cv.imread("E:/Users/tu.png")
cv.namedWindow("input image", cv.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)
cv.imshow("input image", src)
t1 = cv.getTickCount()
create_image()
t2 = cv.getTickCount()
time = (t2-t1)/cv.getTickFrequency()
print("time = %s ms"%(time * 1000))
cv.waitKey(0)

cv.destroyAllWindows()

注意print的格式化输出：

print("height : %s, width : %s, channels : %s"%(height, width, channels))

利用numpy可以创建某些特定数组，并且在创建时要注意其类型，以免在赋值时超出范围：

img = np.zeros([400, 400, 3], np.uint8)
img[:, :, 0] = np.ones([400, 400])*255

reshape()可以对可以改变数组维数，但不能改变数组大小，如23矩阵可以改成16，但不能改成1*5

cv.getTickCount()返回从操作系统启动到当前所经的计时周期数
cv.getTickFrequency()返回每秒的计时周期数
因此，计时周期数之差/每秒的计时周期数 = 时间（因以ms为计算频率，所以要乘上1000）

对像素取反也可用bitwise,并且速度非常快

def inverse(image):
    dst = cv.bitwise_not(image)
    cv.imshow("inverse demo", dst)