JAVA基础17---String类

1.String类

package com.guada.string;

public class Demo1_String {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
			String str = "abc";                                 //''abc''可以被看作是一个字符串对象
			str="def";                                             //当把"def"赋值给str的时候原来的abc就变成了垃圾
			System.out.println(str);                       //String类重写了toString()方法返回的是该对象本身
	}
}

2.String类常用的构造方法

package com.guada.string;

public class Demo2_String {

	/**
	 *String类 常用的构造方法
	 		*public String():空构造;
	 		*public String(byte [] bytes):把字节数组转换成字符串
	 		*public String(byte [] bytes,int index,int length):把字节数组的一部分转成字符串
	 		*public String(char[] value):把字符数组转成字符串
	 		*public String(char [] value,int index,int count):把字符数组的一部分转成字符串
	 		*public String(String original):把字符串常量 值转成字符串
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		String str = new String();                                //空参构造
		System.out.println(str);
		
		byte [] be = {97,98,99,100,101,102};
		String str1 = new String(be);                          //把字节数组转换成字符串
		System.out.println(str1);
		
		String str2  = new String(be,1,3);
		System.out.println(str2);                                 //把字节数组的一部分转换成字符串
		
		char [] ch = {'y','k','i','l','i','g'};         
		String str3 = new String(ch);                           //把字符数组转换成字符串
		System.out.println(str3);
		
		String str4 = new String(ch,1,3);                    //把字符数组的一部分转化成字符串
		System.out.println(str4);
		
		String s = "lkijm" ;
		String str5 = new String(s);                           //把字符串常量转化成字符串
		System.out.println(str5);

	}

}
3.String类中字符串的比较
 package com.guada.string;

public class Demo1_String {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	    //	Demo1_String();
	    //Demo2_String();
		//Demo3_String();
		//Demo4_String();
		Demo5_String();
		
		
	}

	public static void Demo5_String() {
		String s1 = "ab";
		String s2 = "abc";
		String s3 =  s1+"c";
		System.out.println(s2 == s3);                               //false
		System.out.println(s2.equals(s3));                       //true
		System.out.println(s3.equals(s2));                       //true
	}

	public static void Demo4_String() {
		String s1 = "a" + "b" +"c";
		String s2 = "abc";
		System.out.println(s1 ==  s2);                                 //true    java中有常量优化机制
		System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));                         //true
	}

	public static void Demo3_String() {
		String s1 = new String("abc");
		String s2 = "abc";
		System.out.println(s1 == s2);                                  //false   s1记录的是堆内存中的地址值,s2记录的是常量池中的地址
		System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));                          //true
	}

	public static void Demo2_String() {
		String str = new String("abc");                                //创建了几次对象,,两次,一个对象在堆内存中,一个在常量池中
	}
	
	public static void Demo1_String(){
		String str1 = "abc";
		String str2 = "abc";
		System.out.println(str1 == str2);                             //常量池当中如果没有这个字符串对应的对象就创建一个,如果有就直接用
		System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));                    //true
	}
	
	
}

4.String类的判断功能

package com.guada.string;

public class Demo3_String {

	/**
	 * boolean equals(Object obj):比较字符串的内容是否相同,区分大小写
	 * boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String str):比较字符串的内容是否相同,忽略大小写
	 * boolean contains(String str):判断大字符串中是否包含小字符串
	 * boolean startsWith(String str):判断字符串是否以某个指定的字符串开头
	 * boolean endsWith(String str):判断字符串是否以某个指定的字符串结尾
	 * boolean isEmpty():判断字符串是否为空
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
			String str1 = "guada";
			String str2 = "guada";
			String str3 = "GuaDa";			
			String str4 = "Gua";			
			String str5 = "Da";
			String str6 = "";

			//Demo1_String(str1, str2, str3);
			//Demo2_String(str1, str2, str3);
			//Demo3_String(str1, str2, str3, str4);
			//Demo4_String(str1, str3, str4);
			//Demo5_String(str1, str3, str5);
			Demo6_String(str1, str2, str3, str4, str5, str6);
	}

	public static void Demo6_String(String str1, String str2, String str3,String str4, String str5, String str6) {
		System.out.println(str1.isEmpty());
		System.out.println(str2.isEmpty());
		System.out.println(str3.isEmpty());
		System.out.println(str4.isEmpty());
		System.out.println(str5.isEmpty());
		System.out.println(str6.isEmpty());
	}

	public static void Demo5_String(String str1, String str3, String str5) {
		System.out.println(str1.endsWith(str5));
		System.out.println(str3.endsWith(str5));
	}

	public static void Demo4_String(String str1, String str3, String str4) {
		System.out.println(str1.startsWith(str4));
		System.out.println(str3.startsWith(str4));
	}

	public static void Demo3_String(String str1, String str2, String str3,String str4) {
		System.out.println(str1.contains(str2));
		System.out.println(str1.contains(str4));
		System.out.println(str3.contains(str4));
	}

	public static void Demo2_String(String str1, String str2, String str3) {
		System.out.println(str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str2));                            //true
		System.out.println(str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str3));                            //true
	}

	public static void Demo1_String(String str1, String str2, String str3) {
		System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));           //true
		System.out.println(str1.equals(str3));           //false
	}

}

""和null的区别:
""是字符串常量,同时也是一个String类的对象,既然是对象当然可以调用String类中的方法
null是空常量,不能调用任何的方法,否则会出现空指针异常,null常量可以给任意的引用数据类型赋值
4.模拟用户登录

package com.guada.string;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo5_String {

	/**
	 * 模拟用户登录
	 * 1.需要键盘键入,默认用户名密码为admin,Scanner类
	 * 2.控制键盘输入的次数有for循环,用if判定密码是否正确
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		String userName = sc.nextLine();
		System.out.println("请输入密码:");
		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
		String password = scanner.nextLine();
		if("admin".equals(userName)&&"admin".equals(password)) {
			System.out.println("成功登录");
		}
		else {
			System.out.println("登录失败");
			}
		}
}

package com.guada.string;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo12_String {

	/**
	 * Reverse string
	 * @param a string
	 * return  the inverse of the string
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入一行字符串");
		String line = sc.nextLine();
		String s = "";
		char [] arr =line.toCharArray();
		for (int i = arr.length-1; i >=0 ; i--) {
			s = s+arr[i];
		}
		System.out.println(s);
	}

}