C++标准库

标准库的打印

#include <stdio.h>

const char endl = '\n';

class Console
{
public:
	Console& operator << (int i)//
	{
		printf("%d\n", i);
		return *this;//返回当前对象
	}
	
	Console& operator << (char c)//
	{
		printf("%c", c);
		return *this;//返回当前对象
	}
	
	Console& operator << (const char* s)//
	{
		printf("%s", s);
		return *this;//返回当前对象
	}
	
	Console& operator << (double d)//
	{
		printf("%f", d);
		return *this;//返回当前对象
	}

};

Console cout;

int main()
{
	
	cout << 1 << endl;
	
	cout << "chen" << endl;
	//==>cout.operator << (1);//1输出到命令行
	
	double a = 0.1;
	double b = 0.2;

	cout << a + b << endl;
	
	return 0;
}

• C++标准库有类库和函数库组成的集合
• C++标准库中定义的类和对象都位于std命名空房间中
• C++标准库头文件不带.h
• C++标准库涵盖C库的功能

#include <cstdio>//C库
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	printf("hello world\n");
	
	char * p = (char *)malloc(18);
	strcpy(p, "che");
	
	double a = 3;
	double b = 4;
	double c = sqrt(a*a + b*b);
    
	printf("c = %f\n", c);
	
	free(p);
	
    return 0;
}

C++ 输入输出

#include <iostream>//C库
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	cout << "hello" << endl;
	
	double a = 3;
	double b = 4;
	
	cout << "input a:";
	cin >> a;//键盘输入到a
	
	cout << "input b:";
	cin >> b;//键盘输入到a
	
	double c = sqrt(a*a + b*b);
	
	cout << "c = " << c << endl;
	
    return 0;
}

小结

• C++标准库是类库和函数库组成的集合
• C++标准库包含经典算法和数据结构的实现
• C++标准库涵盖C库功能
• C++标准库位于std命名空间