前置操作符与后置操作符 重载

前置操作符与后置操作符

i++;//i作为返回值，i自增1
++i;

编译后丢失原生意义

++操作符重载

• 全局函数和成员函数均可进行重载
• 重载前置++不要额外参数
• 重载后置++需要额外的int占位参数

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Test
{
	int mValue = 0;
public:
	Test(int i)
	{
		mValue = i;
	}
	int value()
	{
		return mValue;
	}
	
	Test& operator ++ ()//++t效率高
	{
		++mValue;
		return *this;//返回当前对象
	}
	
	Test operator ++ (int)//Test& ??? t++效率低
	{
		Test ret(mValue);
		mValue++;
		return ret;//返回当前对象
	}

};

int main()
{
    Test t(0);
    
	cout << t.value() << endl;
	
	Test tt = ++t;
	tt = t++;
	
	cout << tt.value() << endl;
	cout << t.value() << endl;
    
    return 0;
}

对于基础类型的变量

• 前后置++效率基本相同

对于类类型

• 前置++效率高，尽量

复数类完善

#ifndef _COMPLEX_H_
#define _COMPLEX_H_

class Complex
{
    double a;
    double b;
public:
    Complex(double a = 0, double b = 0);
    double getA();
    double getB();
    double getModulus();
    
    Complex operator + (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator - (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator * (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator / (const Complex& c);
    
    bool operator == (const Complex& c);
    bool operator != (const Complex& c);
    
    Complex& operator = (const Complex& c);
	
	Complex& operator ++();
	Complex operator ++(int);
};

#endif

#include "Complex.h"
#include "math.h"

Complex::Complex(double a, double b)
{
    this->a = a;
    this->b = b;
}

double Complex::getA()
{
    return a;
}

double Complex::getB()
{
    return b;
}

double Complex::getModulus()
{
    return sqrt(a * a + b * b);
}

Complex Complex::operator + (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a + c.a;
    double nb = b + c.b;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}

Complex Complex::operator - (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a - c.a;
    double nb = b - c.b;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}

Complex Complex::operator * (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a * c.a - b * c.b;
    double nb = a * c.b + b * c.a;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}

Complex Complex::operator / (const Complex& c)
{
    double cm = c.a * c.a + c.b * c.b;
    double na = (a * c.a + b * c.b) / cm;
    double nb = (b * c.a - a * c.b) / cm;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}
    
bool Complex::operator == (const Complex& c)
{
    return (a == c.a) && (b == c.b);
}

bool Complex::operator != (const Complex& c)
{
    return !(*this == c);
}
    
Complex& Complex::operator = (const Complex& c)
{
    if( this != &c )
    {
        a = c.a;
        b = c.b;
    }
    
    return *this;
}

Complex& Complex::operator ++()
{
	a = a + 1;
	b = b + 1;
	
	return *this;
}
	
Complex Complex::operator ++(int)
{
	Complex ret(a, b);
	a = a + 1;
	b = b + 1;
	
	return ret;
}
	
	

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "Complex.h"

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	Complex c(0, 0);
	
	Complex b = c++;
	
	cout << b.getA() << endl;
	
	cout << b.getB() << endl;



    return 0;
}

总结

• 对于基础类型的变量,- 前后置++效率基本相同
• 对于类类型, 前置++效率高，尽量