【Zuul路由网关】SpringCloud学习笔记07

1.是什么？

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能：
其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础.

Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

注意：Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka

提供=代理+路由+过滤三大功能

2.能干嘛

（1）路由和过滤

路由的基本配置

1. 新建模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
2. 修改pom.xml

 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <parent>
  <groupId>com.zs.springcloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>

 <artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>

 <dependencies>
  <!-- zuul路由网关 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
  </dependency> 
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- actuator监控 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!--  hystrix容错-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 日常标配 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.zs.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
    <version>${project.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 热部署插件 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

</project>

3. 新建application.yml

server: 
 port: 9527

spring: 
 application:
   name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway

eureka: 
 client: 
   service-url: 
     defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  
 instance:
   instance-id: gateway-9527.com
   prefer-ip-address: true 


info:
 app.name: zs-microcloud
 company.name: www.zs.com
 build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
 build.version: $project.version$

4. hosts映射修改
   127.0.0.1 myzuul.com
5. 新建主启动类Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp
{
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
 }
}

6. 启动与测试

• 先启动三个eureka集群
• 一个服务提供类microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
• 一个路由
• 不使用路由测试
  http://locahost:8001/dept/get/2
• 使用路由测试
  http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

路由映射访问规则

1. 工程microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
2. 配置代理名称 ，修改yml文件

zuul: 
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

3. 此时所出现的问题
   路由与原路径访问都可以
   http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2
   http://locahost:8001/dept/get/2
4. 原真实服务名忽略，修改yml

zuul: 
  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept 
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

忽略多个服务名可以这样配置

zuul: 
  ignored-services: "*"
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

5. 设置公共统一的前缀

zuul: 
  prefix: /zs
  ignored-services: "*"
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

http://myzuul.com:9527/zs/mydept/dept/get/2
完整的yml

server: 
  port: 9527
 
spring: 
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
 
zuul: 
  prefix: /zs
  ignored-services: "*"
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
 
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true 
 
info:
  app.name: zs-microcloud
  company.name: www.zs.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$