java rsa 公钥格式_java生成的rsa公钥 能在python上使用吗

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肯定可以，这个跟语言是32313133353236313431303231363533e59b9ee7ad9431333363383964无关的

Python上RSA加密的库挺多的，最开始使用的是rsa，因为比较简单嘛！测试的时候也是用 python模拟App的访问，顺利通过！

然而App开发者反馈，python测试脚本没法移植到java上，因为java的加密解密模块需要更加精细的算法细节指定，否则java加密过的数据python是解不出来的。

当初就是因为rsa模块简单，不需要注重细节才选的，自己又不是专业搞加密解密的。没办法了，只能硬着头皮，捋了一遍RSA的加密原理。网上还是有比较多的讲述比较好的文章，比如RSA算法原理

原理是懂了，但具体到python和java的区别上，还是一头雾水。最终python的RSA模块换成Crypto，因为支持的参数比较多。搜了很多网站讲的都不是很详细，stackflow上有几篇还可以，借鉴了一下，最后测试通过了。还是直接上代码吧。

Java代码

//下面这行指定了RSA算法的细节，必须更python对应

private static String RSA_CONFIGURATION = "RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-256AndMGF1Padding";

//这个貌似需要安装指定的provider模块，这里没有使用

private static String RSA_PROVIDER = "BC";

//解密 Key：私钥

public static String decrypt(Key key, String encryptedString){

try {

Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_CONFIGURATION);

c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new OAEPParameterSpec("SHA-256", "MGF1", MGF1ParameterSpec.SHA256,

PSource.PSpecified.DEFAULT));

byte[] decodedBytes;

decodedBytes = c.doFinal(Base64.decode(encryptedString.getBytes("UTF-8")));

return new String(decodedBytes, "UTF-8");

} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (BadPaddingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Base64DecodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

//加密 Key一般是公钥

public static String encrypt(Key key, String toBeEncryptedString){

try {

Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_CONFIGURATION);

c.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, new OAEPParameterSpec("SHA-256", "MGF1", MGF1ParameterSpec.SHA256,

PSource.PSpecified.DEFAULT));

byte[] encodedBytes;

encodedBytes = c.doFinal(toBeEncryptedString.getBytes("UTF-8"));

return Base64.encode(encodedBytes);

} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (BadPaddingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

//通过Pem格式的字符串(PKCS8)生成私钥，base64是去掉头和尾的b64编码的字符串

//Pem格式私钥一般有2种规范：PKCS8和PKCS1.注意java在生成私钥时的不同

static PrivateKey generatePrivateKeyFromPKCS8(String base64)

{

byte[] privateKeyBytes;

try {

privateKeyBytes = Base64.decode(base64.getBytes("UTF-8"));

KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

PKCS8EncodedKeySpec ks = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(privateKeyBytes);

PrivateKey privateKey = kf.generatePrivate(ks);

return privateKey;

} catch (Base64DecodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

//通过Pem格式的字符串(PKCS1)生成私钥，base64是去掉头和尾的b64编码的字符串

static PrivateKey generatePrivateKeyFromPKCS1(String base64)

{

byte[] privateKeyBytes;

try {

privateKeyBytes = Base64.decode(base64.getBytes("UTF-8"));

KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

X509EncodedKeySpec ks = new X509EncodedKeySpec(privateKeyBytes);

PrivateKey privateKey = kf.generatePrivate(ks);

return privateKey;

} catch (Base64DecodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

//通过Pem格式的字符串(PKCS1)生成公钥，base64是去掉头和尾的b64编码的字符串

//Pem格式公钥一般采用PKCS1格式

static PublicKey generatePublicKeyFromPKCS1(String base64)

{

byte[] publicKeyBytes;

try {

publicKeyBytes = Base64.decode(base64.getBytes("UTF-8"));

KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

X509EncodedKeySpec ks = new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicKeyBytes);

PublicKey publicKey = kf.generatePublic(ks);

return publicKey;

} catch (Base64DecodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

//通过modulus和exponent生成公钥

//参数含义就是RSA算法里的意思

public static RSAPublicKey getPublicKey(String modulus, String exponent) {

try {

BigInteger b1 = new BigInteger(modulus);

BigInteger b2 = new BigInteger(exponent);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

RSAPublicKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(b1, b2);

return (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}

} 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169

Python 代码

from Config import config

from Crypto.Hash import SHA256

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA

from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_OAEP

key = RSA.generate(1024)

pubkey = key.publickey().key

def Decrypt(prikey,data):

try:

cipher = PKCS1_OAEP.new(prikey, hashAlgo=SHA256)

return cipher.decrypt(data)

except:

traceback.print_exc()

return None

def Encrypt(pubkey,data):

try:

cipher = PKCS1_OAEP.new(pubkey, hashAlgo=SHA256)

return cipher.encrypt(data)

except:

traceback.print_exc()

return None

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总结

主要是对RSA算法不是很熟悉，其中很多术语不懂，导致跟java里的加密模块的函数和类对应不上。

RSA算法的细节到现在也是一知半解，但真的没时间去深入学习了。

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