升级 Ubuntu上的 python版本

1. 不要卸载Ubuntu自带的Python2.7和Python3.5，直接安装新版本的Python，然后修改默认的Python软链接即可。

2.安装Python3.8

• 1) 安装依赖包

$ sudo apt update

$ sudo apt install software-properties-common

• 2）添加 deadsnakes PPA 源

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa

Press Enter to continue

• 3) 安装 python 3.8

$ sudo apt install python3.8

报错：

E: Unable to locate package python3.8
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'python3.8'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'python3.8'

解决方法：

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt install python3.8   //成功安装

$ python3.8 --version

Python 3.8.9

3.采用update-alternatives 切换版本

• 3.1 查看update-alternatives的帮助信息：update-alternatives --help
• 3.2 查看有没有python可选项：update-alternatives --display python
• 3.3 如果没有，输入下面的命令建立python可选项

　　sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 2

　　sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.5 1

       sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3.8 3

• 3.4 切换python版本：sudo update-alternatives --config python

There are 3 choices for the alternative python (providing /usr/bin/python).

  Selection    Path                Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/bin/python3.8   3         auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/python2.7   2         manual mode
* 2            /usr/bin/python3.5   1         manual mode
  3            /usr/bin/python3.8   3         manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 3