Y=[1 2 5 3.3 0.9 5.2];
names={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};
X=[1 2 3 4 5 6];
subplot(211)
pareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names
title('排列图示例一')
subplot(212)
pareto(Y,X)
title('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定
运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )
pareto(Y) labels
each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line
displaying the cumulative sum of Y.
用stem,stem3绘制柄状图
用stem绘图程序:
二维柄状图
y=linspace(0,2*pi,10)
stem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充
title('二维柄状图示例');
运行结果:
阶梯图的绘制
绘图函数stairs
使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。
用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图
散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。
用scatter绘图程序:
二维散点图
x=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标
y=rand(1,100)*100;
s=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的大小
c=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色
subplot(2,1,1)
scatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');
subplot(2,1,2)
scatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');
scatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the
locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which
must be the same size).
S determines the area of each marker (specified in
points^2). S can be a vector the same length as
X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar,
MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty,
the default size is used.
C determines the color of each marker. When C
is a vector the same length as X and Y, the
values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the
current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies
the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in
the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the
colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also
be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).
[x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标
X=x(:);
Y=y(:);
Z=z(:);%矩阵的转换
S=floor((abs(Z)+1)*50);
C=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关
scatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标
title('三维散点图:球体示例')
B = floor(A) rounds the elements of
A to the nearest integers less than or equal to
A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts
are rounded independently.
用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图
指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:
(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n
个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式
plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X
每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。
x=randn(50,3);
y=x*[-1 2 1;2 0 1;1 -2 3];%定义绘制矩阵值
plotmatrix(y,'*b')
title('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')
plotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X
against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an
n-by-m matrix of axes.
plotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X),
except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).
contour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m],
其中[m,n] = size(Z)。