exec函数族

execl函数使用说明：

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        printf("i == :%d\n", i);
    }
    pid_t pid = fork();
    if(pid == 0)
    {
        printf("child:%d father:%d\n",getpid(), getppid());
        /* 替换子进程的.txt代码段为./hell的可执行程序 */
        execl("./hell", "a.out", NULL);
       	perror("execl");
       	exit(1);
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        /* 子进程不会执行该代码段 */
        printf("father working:%d\n", getpid());
    }
     usleep(1000);
    return 0;
}

通过echo $PATH 命令可以查看环境变量路径。

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    uint8_t total = 3;
    uint8_t i = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < total; i++)
    {
        pid_t pid = fork();
        if(pid == 0)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    
    if(i == 0)
    {
        printf("i = 0, pid:%d\n", getpid());
        execlp("ls","ls", NULL);
        perror("execlp ls");
        exit(1);
    }
    else if(i == 1)
    {
        printf("i = 1, pid:%d\n", getpid());
        execl("./hell", "hell", NULL);
    }
    else if(i == 2)
    {
        printf("i = 2, pid:%d\n", getpid());
        printf("My name is Linux\n");
        exit(2);
    }
    else
    {
        int status;
        pid_t pid;
        while(1)
        {
            pid = wait(&status);
            if(pid == -1)
            {
                break;
            }
            if(WIFEXITED(status))
            {
                printf("id:%d kill status %d\n", pid, WEXITSTATUS(status));
            }
            if(WIFSIGNALED(status))
            {
                printf("id:%d kill signal:%d\n",pid, WTERMSIG(status));
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}