树(Tree)——(七)平衡搜索二叉树AVL Tree代码实现篇

左单旋(RR)

/*左旋转操作*/
/*pnode 为最小失衡子树的根节点*/
/*返回旋转后的根节点*/
template<typename T>
AVLTreeNode<T>* AVLTree<T>::leftRotation(AVLTreeNode<T>* proot)
{
    AVLTreeNode<T>* prchild = proot->rchild;
    proot->rchild = prchild->lchild;
    prchild->lchild = proot;
    //更新节点的高度值
    proot->height = max(height(proot->lchild),height(proot->rchild))+1;
    //更新节点的高度值
    prchild->height = max(height(prchild->lchild), height(prchild->rchild)) + 1;
    return prchild;
};

 

右单旋(LL)

/*右旋转操作*/
/*pnode 为最小失衡子树的根节点*/
/*返回旋转后的根节点*/
template <typename T>
AVLTreeNode<T>* AVLTree<T>::rightRotation(AVLTreeNode<T>*proot)
{
    AVLTreeNode<T>* plchild = proot->lchild;
    proot->lchild = plchild->rchild;
    plchild->rchild = proot;
    //更新节点的高度值
    proot->height = max(height(proot->lchild), height(proot->rchild)) + 1;
    //更新节点的高度值
    plchild->height = max(height(plchild->lchild), height(plchild->rchild)) + 1;
    return plchild;
};


右左双旋(RL)
 

/*先右旋再左旋*/
/*参数 proot 为最小失衡子树的根节点*/
/*返回旋转后的根节点*/
template<typename T>
AVLTreeNode<T>* AVLTree<T>::rightLeftRotation(AVLTreeNode<T>* proot)
{
    proot->rchild = rightRotation(proot->rchild);
    return leftRotation(proot);
};    

 

左右双旋(LR)

/*先左后右做旋转*/
/*参数 proot 为最小失衡子树的根节点*/
/*返回旋转后的根节点*/
template <typename T>
AVLTreeNode<T>* AVLTree<T>::leftRightRotation(AVLTreeNode<T>* proot)
{
    proot->lchild= leftRotation(proot->lchild);
    return rightRotation(proot);
};


 

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平衡叉树AVL)是一种自平衡的二叉搜索,它的左右子的高度差不超过1。下面是一个非递归实现平衡叉树的C++代码示例: ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <stack> using namespace std; struct TreeNode { int val; int height; TreeNode* left; TreeNode* right; TreeNode(int x) : val(x), height(1), left(NULL), right(NULL) {} }; int getHeight(TreeNode* node) { if (node == NULL) { return 0; } return node->height; } int getBalanceFactor(TreeNode* node) { if (node == NULL) { return 0; } return getHeight(node->left) - getHeight(node->right); } TreeNode* rotateLeft(TreeNode* node) { TreeNode* newRoot = node->right; node->right = newRoot->left; newRoot->left = node; node->height = max(getHeight(node->left), getHeight(node->right)) + 1; newRoot->height = max(getHeight(newRoot->left), getHeight(newRoot->right)) + 1; return newRoot; } TreeNode* rotateRight(TreeNode* node) { TreeNode* newRoot = node->left; node->left = newRoot->right; newRoot->right = node; node->height = max(getHeight(node->left), getHeight(node->right)) + 1; newRoot->height = max(getHeight(newRoot->left), getHeight(newRoot->right)) + 1; return newRoot; } TreeNode* insert(TreeNode* root, int val) { if (root == NULL) { return new TreeNode(val); } if (val < root->val) { root->left = insert(root->left, val); } else if (val > root->val) { root->right = insert(root->right, val); } else { return root; // 不允许插入重复的节点 } root->height = max(getHeight(root->left), getHeight(root->right)) + 1; int balanceFactor = getBalanceFactor(root); if (balanceFactor > 1 && val < root->left->val) { return rotateRight(root); } if (balanceFactor < -1 && val > root->right->val) { return rotateLeft(root); } if (balanceFactor > 1 && val > root->left->val) { root->left = rotateLeft(root->left); return rotateRight(root); } if (balanceFactor < -1 && val < root->right->val) { root->right = rotateRight(root->right); return rotateLeft(root); } return root; } void inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } stack<TreeNode*> s; TreeNode* curr = root; while (curr != NULL || !s.empty()) { while (curr != NULL) { s.push(curr); curr = curr->left; } curr = s.top(); s.pop(); cout << curr->val << " "; curr = curr->right; } } int main() { TreeNode* root = NULL; int arr[] = {3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 1}; int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { root = insert(root, arr[i]); } cout << "Inorder traversal of the AVL tree: "; inorderTraversal(root); return 0; } ``` 这段代码实现平衡叉树的插入操作,并通过中序遍历打印出了平衡后的节点值。你可以根据需要进行修改和扩展。

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