19-06-22-AS之Fragment创建

介绍

​ fragment, 简称碎片，在android3中提出的，有一套自己的API，最低兼容是1.6，fragment有以下特点:

​ a. Fragment 是依赖Activity的不能独立存在；

​ b.一个Activity里可以有多个Fragment；

​ c.一个Fragment可以被多个Activity重用；

​ d.Fragment有自己的生命周期，并向它传值；

​ e.我们能在Activity运行时动态的条件或者删除Fragment；

代码

​ 创建一个动态fragment 并将Activity中的一个string和一个int传入Fragment中

MainActivity.java

package com.example.demo_fragment;

import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Layout;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    LinearLayout layout;
    Button button;
    FragmentManager fragmentManager;
    int index;
    String name;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = findViewById(R.id.creat_fragment);
        layout = findViewById(R.id.line1);
        index = 100;
        name = "WangChenChen";

        fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        /*按钮触发函数*/
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                /*触发fragment后对主界面布局进行设置，据左占整个界面的1/3,注意id一个是上一层的id一个是本层id*/
                layout.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth()/3,
                        getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight()));
                FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();

                Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                MyFragment myFragment = new MyFragment();

                /*往bundle中添加数据*/
                bundle.putInt("index",index);
                bundle.putString("test1", name);
                /*把数据设置到Fragment中*/
                myFragment.setArguments(bundle);

                /*这里的id是表示创建的fragment是在这个id所在的layout下面*/
                transaction.replace(R.id.layout,myFragment);
                transaction.addToBackStack(null);
                transaction.commit();
            }
        });
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/layout"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/line1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/creat_fragment"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="CreateFragment"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Myfragment.java

package com.example.demo_fragment;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.sql.SQLOutput;

public class MyFragment extends Fragment {
    LinearLayout layout;
    Button button;
    TextView textViewIndex;
    TextView textViewName;
    FragmentManager manager;
    private Context mContext;
    MainActivity mainActivity;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        layout = getActivity().findViewById(R.id.line1);
        /*获得根视图*/
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout1,container,false);
        button  =view.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        textViewIndex = view.findViewById(R.id.index);
        textViewName = view.findViewById(R.id.name);

        /*从bundle取到index,　通过index拿到名字和detail,写入textView*/
        Bundle bundle = this.getArguments();

        int index = bundle.getInt("index");
        String test1 = bundle.getString("test1");

        System.out.println("index :"+index);
        System.out.println("name :"+test1);

        textViewIndex.setText(String.valueOf(index));
        textViewName.setText(test1.toString());


        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                manager=getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction=manager.beginTransaction();
                transaction.remove(MyFragment.this);
                transaction.commit();
                maxScreen();
            }
        });
        return  view;
    }



    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        /**
         * 成功创建一个fragment后顺序是先运行onCreateView函数加载界面，
         *在运行onCreate函数，如果没有getActivity()会找不到Activity；
         * */
        this.mContext = getActivity();
    }


    @Override
    public void onDestroyView() {
        super.onDestroyView();
        maxScreen();
    }

    private void maxScreen()
    {
        /*当退出时,获取主界面全屏显示*/
        layout.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(getActivity().getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(),
                getActivity().getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight()));
    }
}

layout1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/line_data"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/index"
            android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/name"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="61dp"
            android:layout_marginEnd="40dp"
            android:layout_marginBottom="40dp"
            android:text="隐藏" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

结果：

上面都进行了详细的解释，本章关于创建动态Fragment与传递数据结束；

源码地址：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/127zCSfRBHSIaiGPYRuiphg
​ 提取码：qf4f

E-mail:jsntwangchenchen@outlook.com