PyQt 信号与槽的机制

1： 基本概念

信号： 是由对象发射出去的消息  

 按钮的单击事件，按钮向外部发送单击的消息，发送的信号需要一些代码来拦截，这些代码就是槽。

槽：本质是一些函数或者方法

需要信号和槽 绑定，一个信号和多个槽绑定，一定槽也可以绑定多个信号。Qt 界面中：

2： 最简单案例：

   

      ui 文件： test.ui

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'test.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QCheckBox, QApplication, QDialog,QMainWindow
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(583, 381)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 70, 75, 23))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 583, 23))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        
        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(MainWindow.close)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "关闭窗口"))
    

main.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Module implementing LayoutDemo.
"""
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
from  test import Ui_MainWindow

class LayoutDemo(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    """
    Class documentation goes here.
    """
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        """
        Constructor
        @param parent reference to the parent widget
        @type QWidget
        """
        super(LayoutDemo, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
    


if __name__ == "__main__":

    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ui = LayoutDemo()
    ui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

 3：案例2升级：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
    【简介】
    内置的信号/槽示例


"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import sys

class Winform(QWidget):
	def __init__(self,parent=None):
		super().__init__(parent)
		self.setWindowTitle('内置的信号/槽示例')
		self.resize(330,  50 ) 
		btn = QPushButton('关闭', self)
		btn.clicked.connect(self.close) 
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
	app = QApplication(sys.argv)
	win = Winform()
	win.show()
	sys.exit(app.exec_())