C++学习 运算符重载

c++编译器至少给一个类添加4个函数

1. 默认构造函数(无参，函数体为空)

2. 默认析构函数(无参，函数体为空)

3. 默认拷贝构造函数，对属性进行值拷贝

4. 赋值运算符 operator=, 对属性进行值拷贝

        如果类中有属性指向堆区，做赋值操作时会出现深浅拷贝问题，通过重载赋值运算符，可以在堆区开辟新的区域实现深拷贝，而不是简单的赋值操作

等号运算符重载：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Person
{
public:

	Person(int age)
	{
		m_Age = new int(age);
	}

	Person& operator=(Person& p)
	{
		if (m_Age != NULL)
		{
			delete m_Age;
			m_Age = NULL;
		}
		m_Age = new int(*p.m_Age);
		return p;
	}

	int* m_Age;
};

void test()
{
	Person p1(18);
	Person p2(20);
	Person p3(28);

	p3 = p2 = p1;

	cout << *p1.m_Age << endl;
	cout << *p2.m_Age << endl;
	cout << *p3.m_Age << endl;
}

int main()
{
	test();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

自增和左移运算符重载：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


class myInt
{
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, myInt myint);

public:

	myInt()
	{
		m_Int = 0;
	}

	//前置++
	myInt& operator++()
	{
		m_Int++;
		return *this;
	}

	//后置++
	myInt operator++(int)
	{
		myInt temp = *this;
		m_Int++;
		return temp;
	}

private:
	int m_Int;
};

ostream& operator<<(ostream& cout, myInt myint)
{
	cout << myint.m_Int;
	return cout;
}

int main()
{
	myInt a;

	cout << a << endl;
	cout << ++a << endl;
    cout << a++ << endl;
	cout << a << endl;


	system("pause");
	return 0;
}