python sample函数

1 sample(序列a,n)

sample(序列a,n)

功能:从序列a中随机抽取n个元素,并将n个元素生以list形式返回。

例:

from random import randint, sample
date = [randint(10,20) for _ in range(10)]
c = sample(date, 5)
print(c)
# 输出:[12, 17, 10, 12, 17]

randint(10,20) for _ in range(10):从10~20间随机抽取10个数;

2 random sample()

sample()方法返回一个列表,其中从序列中随机选择指定数量的项目。
注意:此方法不会更改原始顺序。
实例

返回一个包含列表中任何两项的列表:

import random

mylist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

print(random.sample(mylist, k=2))

语法
random.sample(sequence, k)

参数必需的描述
sequence一个序列。 可以是任何序列:列表,集合,范围等。
k返回列表的大小
### sampleIndex in Programming Context In programming, `sampleIndex` typically refers to an identifier or variable used within algorithms or data structures where indexing is required. This term does not have a universally defined meaning across all languages but often appears when working with arrays, lists, datasets, or other indexed collections. #### Usage Examples When dealing with machine learning frameworks such as TensorFlow or PyTorch, `sampleIndex` might be utilized to reference specific elements within batches during training processes: ```python for batch_idx, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader): optimizer.zero_grad() output = model(data) loss = F.nll_loss(output, target) loss.backward() optimizer.step() # Accessing individual samples using sample index for sampleIndex in range(len(target)): print(f'Sample {sampleIndex}: Loss={loss.item()}') ``` Another scenario involves handling multimedia files like audio streams where each frame can be accessed via its corresponding `sampleIndex`. ```cpp // C++ example accessing audio frames by their indices AudioFrame* getFrame(int sampleIndex){ if(sampleIndex >= 0 && sampleIndex < totalFrames){ return &frames[sampleIndex]; } return nullptr; } ``` #### Common Issues One frequent issue encountered while utilizing `sampleIndex` relates to boundary conditions—accessing out-of-range indexes which leads to runtime errors or undefined behavior[^1]. For instance, attempting to access an element beyond the array bounds results in exceptions being thrown depending on the language environment: ```java int[] numbers = new int[]{1, 2, 3}; System.out.println(numbers[3]); // Throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException because valid indices are only 0 through 2. ``` Additionally, off-by-one errors occur frequently due to confusion between zero-based versus one-based indexing schemes found in different programming environments. --related problems-- 1. How do you handle out-of-bound accesses effectively? 2. What strategies exist for debugging issues related to incorrect indexing logic? 3. Can you provide best practices for managing indices in multi-dimensional arrays? 4. In what scenarios would someone prefer using iterators over direct index manipulation?
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