Java GUI编程学习

GUI编程

告诉大家怎么学？

• 这是什么？
• 他怎么玩？
• 该如何平时运用它？

组件

• 窗口
• 弹窗
• 面板
• 文本框
• 列表框
• 按钮
• 图片
• 监听事件
• 鼠标
• 键盘事件
• 破解工具

1、简介

GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT

1. 因为界面不美观
2. 需要jre环境！

为什么要学习？

1. 可以写出自己想要的小工具
2. 工作时候也可能需要维护到Swing界面，概率极小！
3. 了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2、AWT

2.1、AWT介绍

1. 包含很多类和接口！GUI!
2. 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
3. java.awt

2.3、布局管理器

流式布局

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流布局

            //默认是居中的
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
            //设置靠左
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

        frame.setSize(200,200);

        //把按钮添加进去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        //设置可见
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

• 东南西北中布局
  public class TestBorderLayout {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  Frame frame = new Frame(“TestorderLayout”);

          Button east = new Button("East");
          Button west = new Button("West");
          Button south = new Button("South");
          Button north = new Button("North");
          Button center = new Button("Center");
  
          //把按钮添加进去
          frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
          frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
          frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
          frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
  
          //设置可见和窗体大小
          frame.setVisible(true);
          frame.setSize(400,400);
      }
  }
  

• 表格布局 Grid
  public class TestGridlLayout {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  Frame frame = new Frame(“TestorderLayout”);

          Button button1 = new Button("button1");
          Button button2 = new Button("button2");
          Button button3 = new Button("button3");
          Button button4 = new Button("button4");
          Button button5 = new Button("button5");
          Button button6 = new Button("button6");
  
          frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
  
          frame.add(button1);
          frame.add(button2);
          frame.add(button3);
          frame.add(button4);
          frame.add(button5);
          frame.add(button6);
  
          frame.pack();//java函数  自动填充
          frame.setVisible(true);
      }
  
  }
  

  布局练习

分析过程：

代码实现：

public class EXDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //总frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(500,400);
        frame.setLocation(300,400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.black);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));


        //四个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上面部分
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面部分
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间4个
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-" + i));
        }
        p3.add(p4, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //最后添加到frame里面
        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

2.4、事件监听

事件监听：当某个事发生时，干什么？

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮触发事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button("button");

        //因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，所以需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//        frame.pack();//自适应
        frame.setSize(500,500);//窗体大小
        frame.setLocation(400,300);//窗体在桌面的定位

        windowClose(frame);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    //关闭窗体事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");

    }
}

多个事件共享一个事件

public class TestActionEvent02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮同时实现同一个监听
        //开始 停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不定义会默认button的值
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听事类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();

        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.setSize(500,500);
        frame.setLocation(300,400);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听事件
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand()获取按钮信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击：msg"+e.getActionCommand());
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")) {
            System.out.println("我是start");

        }

    }
}

2.5、输入框TextField 监听

public class TestTest01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动！
        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();

    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();

        //按下Enter就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');

        setSize(500,500);
        setVisible(true);

    }
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field=(TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框中的文本
        field.setText("");//按下enter后清空输入框
    }
}

2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习！

oop原则：组合大于继承

//组合
class A{
    public B b;
}

//继承
class A extends B{
    
}



//简易计算器
public class TextCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();

    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    public Calculator() {
        //3 个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //1 个提交按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
        //1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //使用流式布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
    //获取3个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;

    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1、获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //2、将这个值+法运算后放到第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        //3、清除前两个输入框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造成面向对象写法

//简易计算器
public class TextCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();

    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {
        //3 个文本框
         num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //1 个提交按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
        //1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //使用流式布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
    //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类。
    Calculator calculator = null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;

    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1、获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());


        //2、将这个值+法运算后放到第三个框
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3、清除前两个输入框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");

    }
}

内部类：

• 更好的包装
  //简易计算器
  public class TextCalc {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  new Calculator().loadFrame();

      }
  }
  
  //计算器类
  class Calculator extends Frame {
  
      //属性
      TextField num1,num2,num3;
  
      //方法
      public void loadFrame() {
          //3 个文本框
           num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
           num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
           num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
          //1 个提交按钮
          Button button = new Button("=");
          button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
          //1 个标签
          Label label = new Label("+");
  
          //使用流式布局
          setLayout(new FlowLayout());
          add(num1);
          add(label);
          add(num2);
          add(button);
          add(num3);
  
          pack();
          setVisible(true);
      }
  
      //监听器类
      //内部类最大的好处就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法！
      class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
          @Override
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
              //1、获得加数和被加数
              int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
              int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
  
  
              //2、将这个值+法运算后放到第三个框
              num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
  
              //3、清除前两个输入框
              num1.setText("");
              num2.setText("");
  
          }
      }
  
  }
  

2.7、画笔

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();

    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame {
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,400);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //super.paint(g);
        // 画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
//        g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//空心的圆
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆

        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
    }
}

2.8、鼠标监听

目的想要实现鼠标画画

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,500,400);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        //鼠标监听器针对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());

        setVisible(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画需要监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPoint(Point point) {
        points.add(point);
    }

    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame =(MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //这个时候我们点击的时候，就会产生一个点！ 画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            frame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重画一次
            frame.repaint();//刷新

        }
    }
}

2.9、窗口监听

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
        setVisible(true);
//        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
            new WindowAdapter(){
                //关闭窗口
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("WindowClose");
                    System.exit(0);
                }
                //激活窗口
                @Override
                public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                    WindowFrame source =(WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                    source.setTitle("窗口被激活了");
                    System.out.println("WindowActived");
                }

            }
        );
    }
}

2.10、键盘监听

//key就是键的意思
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个 getKeyCode()来获取当前键盘码
                int keycode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要记录这个值，直接使用静态属性
                System.out.println(keycode);
                if(keycode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下的不同产生不同的结果
            }
        });
    }

3、Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init(); 初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setBounds(100, 100, 400, 500);
        jFrame.setBackground(Color.red);
        //设置文字 JLabel
        JLabel lable = new JLabel("欢迎来到Java");
        jFrame.add(lable);

        //容器实例化
        
        //关闭事件
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

标签居中

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJFrame2().init();
    }
}
class MyJFrame2 extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,400);

        //设置文字 JLabel
        JLabel lable = new JLabel("欢迎来到Java");
        add(lable);

        //让文本标签居中
        lable.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //获得一个容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }
}

3.2、弹窗

JDialog 用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(400, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //设置默认的关闭事件

        //JFrame 放东西，需要个容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建对象
        jButton.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialog();
            }
        });
        container.add(jButton);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();

    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
    public MyDialog() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
//        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        
        container.add(new Label("带你飞"));
    }
}

3.3、 标签

label

new JLabel("xxx")

图标 icon

图片 image

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("22.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//注意命名不要冲突了
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//居中显示

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4、面板

JPanel

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//后面两个参数是“间距”

        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

带滚动条的面板

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎学习Java");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5、按钮

package com.liang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
 */
public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("22.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(800,300,800,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

单选按钮

package com.liang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
 */
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("22.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
        
        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组,一个组中只可以选择一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton01);
        group.add(radioButton02);
        group.add(radioButton03);

        container.add(radioButton01, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton02, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton03, BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(800,300,800,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

package com.liang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
 */
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("22.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");

        container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(800,300,800,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6、列表

• 下拉框

  package com.liang.lesson06;

  import javax.swing.;
  import java.awt.;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
    */
    public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {

     Container container = this.getContentPane();
    
     JComboBox status = new JComboBox<>();
     status.addItem(null);
     status.addItem("正在热映");
     status.addItem("已下架");
     status.addItem("即将上映");
    
     container.add(status);
    
    
     this.setVisible(true);
     this.setBounds(300,300,400,500);
     this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
    }

• 列表框

  package com.liang.lesson06;

  import javax.swing.;
  import java.awt.;
  import java.util.Vector;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
    */
    public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {

     Container container = this.getContentPane();
    
     //生成列表的内容
    

  // String[] contents = {“1”, “2”, “3”};

        Vector contents = new Vector<>();
        //列表中需要放内容
        JList jList = new JList<>(contents);
  
        contents.add("张三");
        contents.add("李四");
        contents.add("王五");
  
        container.add(jList);
  
  
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(300,300,400,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
  

  }

• 应用场景

  • 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
  • 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容！

3.7、文本框

• 文本框

  package com.liang.lesson06;

  import javax.swing.;
  import java.awt.;
  import java.util.Vector;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
    */
    public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {

     Container container = this.getContentPane();
    
     JTextField textField = new JTextField("Hello");
     JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("World", 20);
    
     container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
     container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    
    
     this.setVisible(true);
     this.setBounds(300,300,400,500);
     this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestTextDemo01();
    }
    }

• 密码框

  package com.liang.lesson06;

  import javax.swing.;
  import java.awt.;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
    */
    public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02() {

     Container container = this.getContentPane();
    
     //面板
     JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//*****
     passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
    
     container.add(passwordField);
    
    
     this.setVisible(true);
     this.setBounds(300,300,400,500);
     this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestTextDemo02();
    }
    }

• 文本域

  package com.liang.lesson05;

  import javax.swing.;
  import java.awt.;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/20.
    */
    public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
    Container container = this.getContentPane();

     //文本域
     JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
     textArea.setText("欢迎学习Java");
    
     //Scroll面板
     JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
    
     container.add(scrollPane);
    
     this.setVisible(true);
     this.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 400);
     this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JScrollDemo();
    }
    }

贪吃蛇

帧，如果时间线足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧 60帧。连起来是动画，拆开就是静态图片！

键盘监听

定时器Timer

• 游戏主启动类

  package com.liang.snake;

  import javax.swing.*;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/21.
    */
    //游戏主启动类
    public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    JFrame frame = new JFrame();

     frame.setBounds(500, 200, 900, 720);
     frame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变
     frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    
     //正常游戏界面都应该在面上！
     frame.add(new GamePanel());
    
     frame.setVisible(true);
    

    }
    }

• 游戏面板

  package com.liang.snake;

  import javax.sql.DataSource;
  import javax.swing.;
  import java.awt.;
  import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
  import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
  import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
  import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
  import java.util.Date;
  import java.util.Random;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/21.
    */
    //游戏的面板
    public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener,ActionListener{

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的X坐标2525
    int[] snakeY = new int[600];//蛇的Y坐标2525
    String fx;

    //食物的坐标
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    //积分
    int score;

    //游戏当前的状态：开始，停止
    boolean isStart = false;//默认是不开始

    boolean isFail = false;//游戏状态失败

    //定时器 以ms为单位 1000ms=1s
    Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);//100毫执行一次！

    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
    init();
    //获得焦点和键盘事件
    this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
    this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
    timer.start();//游戏一开始定时器启动

    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
    length=3;
    snakeX[0] = 100; snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
    snakeX[1] = 75; snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
    snakeX[2] = 50; snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
    fx = “R”;//初始反向向右

     //把食物随机分布在界面上
     foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
     foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
    
     score = 0;
    

    }

    //绘制面板，我们游戏中的所有东西，都是用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
    super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
    //绘制静态面板
    this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
    Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 11);//头部广告栏画上去
    g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600);//默认的游戏界面

     //画积分
     g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
     g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18));
     g.drawString("长度："+length,750,35);
     g.drawString("分数："+score,750,50);
    
     //画食物
     Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, foodx, foody);
    
     //把小蛇放上去
     if (fx.equals("R")){
         Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
     }else if (fx.equals("L")){
         Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
     }else if (fx.equals("U")){
         Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
     }else if (fx.equals("D")){
         Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右,需要通过方向来判断
     }
    
    
     for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
         Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]);//第一个身体坐标
     }
    
    
    
     //游戏状态
     if (isStart==false){
         g.setColor(Color.white);
         g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
         g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
     }
    
     if (isFail) {
         g.setColor(Color.RED);
         g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
         g.drawString("游戏失败，按下空格重新开始",200,300);
     }
    

    }

    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
    int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按钮是哪一个

     if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {//如果按下的是空格键
         if (isFail) {
             //游戏重新开始
             isFail = false;
             init();
         }else{
             isStart = !isStart;//取反
         }
         repaint();
     }
     //小蛇移动
     if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
         fx = "U";
     }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
         fx = "D";
     }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
         fx = "L";
     }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
         fx = "R";
     }
    

    }

    //事件监听—需要通过固定事件来判断，1s=10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    if (isStart && isFail == false) {//如果游戏是开始状态，则让小蛇动起来

         //吃食物
         if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody) {
             length++;//蛇的长度加1
             //分数+1
             score = score + 1;
             //再次随机生成食物
             foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
             foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
         }
    
    
         //移动
         for (int i = length - 1; i > 0; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置 snakeX[1]=snakeX[0];
             snakeX[i] = snakeX[i - 1];
             snakeY[i] = snakeY[i - 1];
         }
         //走向
         if (fx.equals("R")) {
             snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;//移动
             if (snakeX[0] > 850) {
                 snakeX[0] = 25;
             }//边界判断
         } else if (fx.equals("L")) {
             snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
             if (snakeX[0] < 25) {
                 snakeX[0] = 850;
             }//边界判断
         } else if (fx.equals("U")) {
             snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
             if (snakeY[0] < 75) {
                 snakeY[0] = 650;
             }//边界判断
         } else if (fx.equals("D")) {
             snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
             if (snakeY[0] > 650) {
                 snakeY[0] = 75;
             }//边界判断
         }
    
         //失败判定，撞到自己就失败
         for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
             if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {
                 isFail = true;
             }
         }
    
    
         repaint();//重画页面
     }
     timer.start();//定时器开启！
    

    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    }

  }

• 数据中心

  package com.liang.snake;

  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.net.URL;

  /**

  • Created by Dream on 2022/4/21.
    */
    //数据中心
    public class Data {

    //相对路径 22.jpg
    //绝对路径 / 相当于当前的项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/header.png”);
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/up.png”);
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/down.png”);
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/left.png”);
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/right.png”);
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);

    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/body.png”);
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);

    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource(“statics/food.png”);
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
    }

总结