基于单片机的液晶滚动显示 (仿真+程序)(51+SHT11+1602) 5022

液晶显示屏（LCD）作为一种低功耗、高清晰度的显示设备，广泛应用于各种电子设备中。滚动显示是LCD显示技术中的一种常见方式，能够实现信息的动态展示，增强视觉效果。

本设计基于51单片机和Proteus8.10仿真软件，设计了一款基于单片机的液晶滚动显示系统，旨在学习LCD12641液晶显示屏的驱动原理和滚动字符显示的实现方法。

功能描述

本设计主要实现以下功能：

1. 字符显示： 利用LCD12641液晶显示屏显示预定义的字符信息。

2. 滚动显示： 实现字符信息在液晶屏上的水平滚动显示，增强视觉效果。

3. 显示控制： 通过按键控制滚动显示的启动、停止、速度和方向。

系统设计

1. 硬件设计：

   • 主控模块： 采用STC89C52单片机作为核心控制器，负责数据处理和显示控制。

   • 显示模块： 采用LCD12641液晶显示屏作为显示设备，用于显示字符信息。

   • 按键模块： 采用独立按键组成按键电路，用于控制滚动显示的启动、停止、速度和方向。

   • 电源模块： 采用USB供电，为整个系统提供稳定的工作电压。

2. 软件设计：

   • 主程序： 负责系统初始化、数据处理、显示控制和按键扫描。

   • LCD驱动子程序： 负责LCD12641液晶显示屏的初始化、字符写入和滚动显示控制。

   • 按键处理子程序： 负责按键扫描和功能处理，实现滚动显示的启动、停止、速度和方向控制。

程序设计

#include<reg51.h>
#include<absacc.h>
typedef unsigned char uchar;
typedef unsigned int uint;
#define LLCD_CMD_WR PBYTE[0x10]
#define LLCD_CMD_RD PBYTE[0x11]
#define LLCD_DATA_WR PBYTE[0x12]
#define LLCD_DATA_RD PBYTE[0x13]

#define RLCD_CMD_WR PBYTE[0x20]
#define RLCD_CMD_RD PBYTE[0x21]
#define RLCD_DATA_WR PBYTE[0x22]
#define RLCD_DATA_RD PBYTE[0x23]
sbit busy=P0^1;

uchar code hz0[]=
{
0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x88, 0x99, 0xea, 0x8c, 0xf8, 0x88, 0xcc, 0xab, 0x99, 0x88, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,

0x20, 0x30, 0xac, 0x63, 0x10, 0x00, 0x40, 0x42, 0x22, 0x22, 0x12, 0x1a, 0x26, 0x42, 0xc0, 0x00, 
0x22, 0x23, 0x22, 0x12, 0x12, 0x00, 0x20, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x3f, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x20, 0x00,

0x10, 0x60, 0x01, 0x86, 0x60, 0x20, 0xd0, 0x48, 0x44, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc8, 0x30, 0x60, 0x20, 0x00, 
0x04, 0x04, 0xfe, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x80, 0x80, 0x84, 0x88, 0x87, 0x80, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x10, 0x60, 0x01, 0xf6, 0x00, 0x10, 0xf8, 0x17, 0x34, 0x54, 0x14, 0x14, 0xf4, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 
0x04, 0x04, 0xff, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x1f, 0x11, 0x13, 0x15, 0x51, 0x91, 0x7f, 0x11, 0x11, 0x00, 

0x14, 0x24, 0x44, 0x84, 0x7c, 0x40, 0x30, 0xfc, 0x4b, 0x48, 0xf9, 0x4e, 0x48, 0x48, 0x08, 0x00, 
0x10, 0x08, 0x06, 0x01, 0x03, 0x0c, 0x00, 0xff, 0x22, 0x22, 0x3f, 0x22, 0x22, 0x22, 0x20, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x12, 0x14, 0x1c, 0x10, 0xf0, 0x9f, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0xf8, 0x10, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x06, 0x01, 0x00, 0x11, 0x26, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x90, 0x70, 0x00, 0xff, 0x20, 0x60, 0x90, 0x08, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x10, 0x10, 0x08, 0x06, 0x01, 0x40, 0x80, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x08, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0x58, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};

uchar code hz1[]=
{
0xfe, 0x02, 0x32, 0xca, 0x46, 0x20, 0x30, 0x2c, 0xe3, 0x24, 0x28, 0x10, 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 
0xff, 0x02, 0x04, 0x43, 0x20, 0x11, 0x4d, 0x81, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x05, 0x09, 0x11, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x80, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, 0xff, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x02, 0x02, 0x02, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x10, 0x3c, 0x13, 0x10, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x1c, 0x08, 0xff, 0x00, 0x08, 0x10, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x02, 0x82, 0x7a, 0x92, 0x02, 0x02, 0xfe, 0x02, 0x02, 0x02, 0xfa, 0x02, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x48, 0x46, 0x41, 0x40, 0x41, 0x46, 0x40, 0x7f, 0x48, 0x44, 0x43, 0x40, 0x41, 0x4e, 0x44, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x20, 0x7f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x3f, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x02, 0x02, 0x02, 0x02, 0x82, 0x42, 0xfe, 0x06, 0x42, 0xc2, 0x82, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x07, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xbe, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xaa, 0xbe, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10, 0x0e, 0x10, 0x20, 0x3f, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00, 

0x40, 0x40, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xc4, 0x44, 0x44, 0x46, 0x46, 0x64, 0x60, 0x40, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x20, 0x70, 0x38, 0x2c, 0x27, 0x23, 0x31, 0x10, 0x12, 0x14, 0x18, 0x70, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0x5b, 0x3b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};

uchar code hz2[]=
{
0x02, 0x02, 0xfe, 0x92, 0x92, 0x92, 0xfe, 0x02, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x84, 0x04, 0x84, 0x7c, 0x04, 0x00, 
0x10, 0x10, 0x0f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x04, 0xff, 0x04, 0x22, 0x10, 0x09, 0x06, 0x09, 0x30, 0x10, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x02, 0x1c, 0xc0, 0x30, 0x4c, 0x30, 0x0f, 0x08, 0xf8, 0x08, 0x08, 0x28, 0x18, 0x08, 0x00, 
0x02, 0x5e, 0x43, 0x20, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x03, 0x01, 0x06, 0x08, 0x30, 0x60, 0x20, 0x00, 

0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x84, 0xf4, 0x2f, 0x04, 0x04, 0xe4, 0x0f, 0x04, 0xc4, 0x84, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x08, 0x04, 0x3f, 0x42, 0x41, 0x40, 0x40, 0x78, 0x20, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x20, 0x30, 0x2c, 0x23, 0x20, 0x21, 0x36, 0x2c, 0x23, 0x20, 0x20, 0x23, 0x26, 0x3c, 0x28, 0x00, 

0xe0, 0x00, 0xff, 0x10, 0xf4, 0x94, 0xff, 0x94, 0xf4, 0x08, 0xf4, 0x13, 0x92, 0x1a, 0xf6, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x10, 0x08, 0x06, 0xff, 0x02, 0x04, 0x80, 0x4f, 0x20, 0x1f, 0x20, 0xcf, 0x00, 

0x00, 0xfe, 0x02, 0x02, 0xf2, 0x12, 0x12, 0x12, 0x12, 0x12, 0xf2, 0x02, 0x02, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x47, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x47, 0x40, 0x40, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x00, 0xfe, 0x02, 0xf2, 0x12, 0x12, 0xf2, 0x00, 0xf2, 0x12, 0x1a, 0xd6, 0x12, 0xf2, 0x02, 0x00, 
0x20, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x10, 0x09, 0x45, 0x40, 0x2f, 0x20, 0x10, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x2f, 0x60, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0x58, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 
};

uchar code hz3[]=
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x44, 0x5c, 0x48, 0x40, 0xff, 0x40, 0x50, 0x48, 0x46, 0x64, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0xff, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x06, 0x04, 0x00, 

0x20, 0x38, 0xa7, 0x62, 0x10, 0x20, 0xa0, 0x6c, 0x6b, 0xaa, 0x2a, 0x3a, 0x26, 0xa0, 0x20, 0x00, 
0x12, 0x13, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x29, 0x25, 0x12, 0x12, 0x49, 0x85, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x0d, 0x18, 0x08, 0x00, 

0x20, 0x10, 0xfc, 0x07, 0xf2, 0x20, 0x98, 0x8f, 0x54, 0xa4, 0x24, 0x54, 0xcc, 0x80, 0x80, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x03, 0x54, 0x54, 0x4a, 0x2b, 0x25, 0x15, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x40, 0x42, 0xcc, 0x00, 0x04, 0x04, 0xe5, 0xb6, 0xac, 0xa4, 0xa6, 0xe5, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x40, 0x20, 0x1f, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40, 0x5f, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x4a, 0x5f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x44, 0x5c, 0x48, 0x40, 0xff, 0x40, 0x50, 0x48, 0x46, 0x64, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0xff, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x06, 0x04, 0x00, 

0x20, 0x38, 0xa7, 0x62, 0x10, 0x20, 0xa0, 0x6c, 0x6b, 0xaa, 0x2a, 0x3a, 0x26, 0xa0, 0x20, 0x00, 
0x12, 0x13, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x29, 0x25, 0x12, 0x12, 0x49, 0x85, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x0d, 0x18, 0x08, 0x00, 

0x10, 0x10, 0x92, 0x92, 0x92, 0xf2, 0x9e, 0x92, 0x92, 0x92, 0x92, 0x92, 0xfe, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00, 
0x40, 0x20, 0x10, 0x0c, 0xfe, 0x45, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0xfd, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,

};

void lcd_cmd_wr(uchar cmdcode,uchar f);
void lcd_data_wr(uchar ldata,uchar f);
void chech_busy(uchar f);
void lcd_hz_wr(uchar posx,uchar posy,uchar *hz);
void lcd_str_wr(uchar row,uchar col,uchar n,uchar *str);
void lcd_rol();
void lcd_init();
void delay(uint n);

void main()
{
  while(1)
  {
   lcd_init();
   lcd_str_wr(0,0,8,hz0);
   delay(100);
   lcd_str_wr(1,0,8,hz1);
   delay(100);
   lcd_str_wr(2,0,8,hz2);
   delay(100);
   lcd_str_wr(3,0,8,hz3);
   delay(100);
   lcd_rol();
   delay(1000);
   lcd_rol();
   delay(1000);
  }
}

void lcd_init()
{
  uint i;
  lcd_cmd_wr(0x3f,0);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0xc0,0);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8,0);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0x40,0);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0x3f,1);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0xc0,1);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8,1);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0x40,1);
  for(i=0;i<256;i++)
  {
    lcd_data_wr(0x00,0);
	lcd_data_wr(0x00,1);
  }
  lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8+4,0);
  lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8+4,1);
  for(i=0;i<256;i++)
  {
    lcd_data_wr(0x00,0);
	lcd_data_wr(0x00,1);
  }
}

void lcd_cmd_wr(uchar cmdcode,uchar f)
{
  chech_busy(f);
  if(f==0) LLCD_CMD_WR=cmdcode;
  else RLCD_CMD_WR=cmdcode;
}

void chech_busy(uchar f)
{
  if(f==0) LLCD_CMD_RD;
  else RLCD_CMD_RD;
  while(busy);
}

void lcd_str_wr(uchar row,uchar col,uchar n,uchar *str)
{
  uchar i;
  for(i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
    lcd_hz_wr(row,col,str+i*32);
	delay(50);
	col++;
  }
}

void lcd_hz_wr(uchar posx,uchar posy,uchar *hz)
{
  uchar i;
  if(posy<4)
  {
    lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8+2*posx,0);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0x40+16*posy,0);
	for(i=0;i<16;i++) lcd_data_wr(hz[i],0);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8+2*posx+1,0);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0x40+16*posy,0);
	for(i=16;i<32;i++) lcd_data_wr(hz[i],0);
  }
  else
  {
    lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8+2*posx,1);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0x40+16*(posy-4),1);
	for(i=0;i<16;i++) lcd_data_wr(hz[i],1);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0xb8+2*posx+1,1);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0x40+16*(posy-4),1);
	for(i=16;i<32;i++) lcd_data_wr(hz[i],1); 
  }
}

void lcd_data_wr(uchar ldata,uchar f)
{
  chech_busy(f);
  if(f==0) LLCD_DATA_WR=ldata;
  else RLCD_DATA_WR=ldata;
}

void lcd_rol()
{
  uchar i;
  for(i=0;i<64;i++)
  {
    lcd_cmd_wr(0xc0+i,0);
	lcd_cmd_wr(0xc0+i,1);
	delay(10);
  }
}

void delay(uint n)
{
  uint i;
  for(;n>0;n--)
	  for(i=500;i>0;i--);
}

 设计特点

• 模块化设计： 硬件电路和软件程序采用模块化设计，结构清晰，易于维护和扩展。

• 功能实用： 实现了字符信息的滚动显示，并可通过按键控制显示效果，具有一定的实用价值。

• 学习价值高： 本设计涵盖了LCD12641液晶显示屏的驱动原理、滚动显示算法和按键控制等知识点，具有较高的学习价值。

应用前景

本设计可应用于各种需要信息显示的场合，例如：

• 信息发布系统： 用于商场、车站等公共场所的信息发布。

• 电子广告牌： 用于店铺招牌、广告宣传等。

• 智能家居显示： 用于智能家居控制面板的信息显示。

总结

本设计基于51单片机和Proteus8.10仿真软件，设计了一款基于单片机的液晶滚动显示系统，实现了字符信息的滚动显示和按键控制功能。该设计具有模块化设计、功能实用、学习价值高等特点，为学习LCD显示技术和单片机应用提供了良好的实践平台。