高等数学求导积分公式

高等数学求导积分公式

1 基本初等函数导数公式

$$(x^{\alpha }{)}^{\prime }=\alpha x^{\alpha }$$

$$(\sin x{)}^{\prime }=\cos x$$

$$(\cos x{)}^{\prime }=\sin x$$

$$(\tan x{)}^{\prime }={\sec }^{2}x$$

$$(\cot x{)}^{\prime }=-{\csc }^{2}x$$

$$(\sec x{)}^{\prime }=\sec x\cdot \tan x$$

$$(\csc x{)}^{\prime }=-\csc x\cdot \cot x$$

$$(\arcsin x{)}^{\prime }=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}$$

$$(\arccos x{)}^{\prime }=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}$$

$$(\arctan x{)}^{\prime }=\frac{1}{1+x^2}$$

$$(arccotx{)}^{\prime }=-\frac{1}{1+x^2}$$

$$(a^x{)}^{\prime }=a^x\cdot \ln a$$

$$({\log }_{a}x{)}^{\prime }=\frac{1}{x\cdot \ln a}$$

$$C^{\prime }=0$$

2 高阶导数

$$(a^x{)}^{(n)}=a^x\cdot (\ln a{)}^{(n)}$$

$$(\sin x{)}^{(n)}=\sin (x+\frac{n\pi }{2})$$

$$(\cos x{)}^{(n)}=\cos (x+\frac{n\pi }{2})$$

$$[\ln (1+x){]}^{(n)}=(-1{)}^{(n-1)}\frac{(n-1)!}{(1+x{)}^{(n)}}$$

$$(\frac{1}{1+x}{)}^{(n)}=(-1{)}^{(n)}\frac{(n)!}{(1+x{)}^{(n+1)}}$$

$$(x^{\alpha }{)}^{(n)}=\alpha (\alpha -1)...(\alpha -n+1)x^{(\alpha -n)}$$

3 不定积分基本公式

$$\begin{gathered} \int x^{\alpha }dx=\frac{1}{\alpha +1}{x}^{\alpha +1}+C \\ \int \frac{1}{x}dx=\ln |x|+C \\ \int a^{x}dx=\frac{a^x}{\ln a}+C \\ \int e^{x}dx=e^x+C \\ \int \sin xdx=-\cos x+C \\ \int \cos xdx=\sin x+C \\ \int \tan xdx=-\ln |\cos x|+C \\ \int \cot xdx=\ln |\sin x|+C \\ \int \sec xdx=\ln |\sec x+\tan x|+C \\ \int \csc xdx=\ln |\csc x-\cot x|+C \\ \int \sec x\tan xdx=\sec x+C \\ \int \csc x\cot xdx=-\csc x+C \\ \int {\sec }^{2}xdx=\tan x+C \\ \int {\csc }^{2}xdx=-\cot x+C \\ \int \frac{1}{x^2+a^2}dx=\frac{1}{a}\arctan \frac{x}{a}+C \\ \int \frac{1}{x^2-a^2}dx=\frac{1}{2a}\ln |\frac{x-a}{x+a}|+C \\ \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-x^2}}dx=\arcsin \frac{x}{a}+C \\ \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+a^2}}dx=\ln |x+\sqrt{x^2+a^2}|+C \\ \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}dx=\ln |x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}|+C \\ \int \sinh xdx=\cosh x+C \\ \int \cosh xdx=\sinh x+C \\ \int \frac{1}{{\sinh }^{2}x}dx=-\coth x+C \\ \int \frac{1}{{\cosh }^{2}x}dx=\tanh x+C \end{gathered}$$

4 等价无穷小

$$\begin{gathered} \sin x\sim x\sim \tan x \\ \arcsin x\sim x\sim \arctan x \\ 1-\cos x\sim \frac{1}{2}{x}^2 \\ \sqrt[n]{1+x}-1\sim \frac{1}{n}x \\ \ln (1+x)\sim x \\ {e}^x-1\sim x \\ (1+x{)}^{\alpha }-1\sim \alpha x \\ \sinh x\sim \sin x\sim x \\ \sqrt{1+x}-\sqrt{1-x}\sim x \end{gathered}$$