烈火如歌-ubuntu基本使用

这篇博客介绍了Ubuntu操作系统的基本使用,包括文件与目录操作如ls、du、cd等,查找操作如find和grep,解压缩,服务器相关操作如ssh和scp,以及如何执行Shell脚本。
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1.文件与目录操作

nautilus .     #打开文件管理界面

在终端中复制粘贴代码

CTRL+SHIFT+C

CTRL+SHIFT+V

ls 查询列表

ls /home
ls -a /home 详细文件,包含隐藏文件
ls -l /home 详细信息,包括文件的所有者,同理可用命令ls -al

du 查看目录及目录下各文件的大小

   du /home/data/

cd 定位到某个路径下

cd /home
cd .. 返回上一级目录
cd /  切换到根目录
cd - 回上一次所在的目录 

pwd 查看当前路径

mkdir 新建目录

mkdir filename

mkdir /path_to_file/filename    #以此建立子目录

touch 新建文件

touch filename.txt  #后面的
本手册是Ubuntu官方手册PDF文件,非影音版文件。而且是Ubuntu最新版本文件 v14.04. 希望能对您有帮助。 Prologue 5 Welcome 5 Ubuntu Philosophy 5 A brief history of Ubuntu 6 Is Ubuntu right for you? 7 Contact details 8 About the team 8 Conventions used in this book 8 1 Installation 9 Getting Ubuntu 9 Trying out Ubuntu 10 Installing Ubuntu—Getting started 11 Finishing Installation 16 2 The Ubuntu Desktop 19 Understanding the Ubuntu desktop 19 Unity 19 The Launcher 21 The Dash 21 Workspaces 24 Managing windows 24 Unity’s Keyboard Shortcuts 26 Browsing files on your computer 26 Files file manager 27 Searching for files and folders on your computer 29 Customizing your desktop 30 Accessibility 32 Session options 33 Getting help 33 3 Working with Ubuntu 37 All the applications you need 37 Getting online 39 Browsing the web 46 Reading and composing email 55 Using instant messaging 59 Viewing and editing photos 64 Watching videos and movies 67 Listening to audio and music 68 Burning cds and dvds 72 Working with documents, spreadsheets, and presentations 75 4 Hardware 77 Using your devices 77 Hardware identification 77 Displays 77 Connecting and using your printer 79 4 getting started with ubuntu 14.04 Sound 80 Using a webcam 81 Scanning text and images 82 Keyboard and mouse 82 Other devices 83 5 Software Management 85 Software management in Ubuntu 85 Using the Ubuntu Software Center 86 Managing additional software 89 Manual software installation 93 Updates and upgrades 94 6 Advanced Topics 97 Ubuntu for advanced users 97 Introduction to the terminal 97 Ubuntu file system structure 99 Securing Ubuntu 100 Why Ubuntu is safe 100 Basic security concepts 101 Users and groups 101 System updates 104 Firewall 104 Encryption 105 Running Windows Programs on Ubuntu 106 7 Troubleshooting 111 Resolving problems 111 Troubleshooting guide 111 Getting more help 116 8 Learning More 117 What else can I do with Ubuntu? 117 Open source software 117 Distribution families 117 Choosing amongst Ubuntu and its derivatives 118 Finding additional help and support 120 The Ubuntu community 121 Contributing 122 A License 123 Creative Commons Attribution–ShareAlike 3.0 Legal Code 123 Creative Commons Notice 129
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