C++程序设计实践指导——第二章样例讲解

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-06 09:01:43 发布

philosophia_OsO

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-06 09:01:43 发布

阅读量220

点赞数

分类专栏： # C++程序设计实践指导

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42715287/article/details/89520521

版权

本文深入探讨C++程序设计的第二章，通过样例详细讲解核心概念，包括类的定义、对象创建及操作，以及封装和继承的基本原理。适合初学者和进阶者巩固基础。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

在这里插入图片描述

/**/
//复数计算器
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<ctime>
using namespace std;
#define EPS 1e-5//定义精度常数

namespace NameCComplex{//定义命名空间
	struct User
	{
		string szName;//用户名
		int nTime=0;//使用次数
		int nTest=0;//测试次数
		double dlAve;//平均成绩
		int nAdd=0;//加法次数
		int nSub=0;
		int nMul=0;
		double dlScore[3];//三次测试得分
	}user;
class CComplex
{
	friend istream& operator>>(istream &in, CComplex& com);//提取符重载
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, CComplex& com);//插入符重载
public:
	CComplex(double real = 0, double image = 0)
	{
		this->real = real; this->image = image;
	}
	CComplex& operator+ (CComplex& com) { return CComplex(real + com.real, image + com.image); }
	CComplex& operator- (CComplex& com) { return CComplex(real - com.real, image - com.image); }
	CComplex& operator* (CComplex& com) { return CComplex(real*com.real - image*com.image, real*com.image + image*com.real); }
	CComplex& operator+= (CComplex& com)
	{
		real += com.real; image += com.image; return *this;
	}
	CComplex& operator-= (CComplex& com)
	{
		real -= com.real; image -= com.image; return *this;
	}
	CComplex& operator*= (CComplex& com)
	{
		double nreal = real*com.real - image*com.image;
		double nimage = real*com.image + image*com.real;
		real = nreal; image = nimage;
		return *this;
	}
	CComplex& operator++ () { ++real; ++image; return *this; }//前置++
	CComplex& operator-- () { --real; --image; return *this; }
	CComplex& operator++ (int) { return CComplex(real++, image++); }//后置++
	CComplex& operator-- (int){ return CComplex(real--, image--); }
	double mod() { return sqrt(real*real + image*image); }
	bool operator> (CComplex& com) { return mod() > com.mod(); }
	bool operator< (CComplex& com) { return mod() < com.mod(); }
	bool operator!= (CComplex& com) { return real != com.real||image != com.image; }
	bool operator== (CComplex& com) { return real == com.real&&image == com.image; }

private:
	double real, image;
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, CComplex& com)//插入符重载
{
	if (fabs(com.image) < EPS)//虚部为0
		out << com.real;
	else if (fabs(com.real) < EPS)//实部为0
		out << com.image << "i";
	else if (com.image > 0)
		out << com.real << "+" << com.image << "i";
	else
		out << com.real << com.image << "i";
	return out;
	
}
istream& operator >> (istream &in, CComplex& com)//提取符重载
{
	cout << "输入复数：";
	string s; cin >> s;
	int n = 0, sign = 1;//n为从字符串中提取的数字，sign是n的符号
	com.image = com.real = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
	{
		if ((s[i] >= '0'&&s[i] <= '9') || (s[i] == '-') || (s[i] == '+') || (s[i] == 'i'));
		else
		{
			cout << "error" << endl; return in;
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < s.size();)
	{
		if (s[i] == '-')
		{
			s