c++ primer plus第八章编程答案

//编程练习1   （默认参数）
#include <iostream>
int print(char * ,int n = 0);
using namespace std;
int count = 0;
int main()
{
    print("xi");
    print("xi",3);
      print("mm",3);
    return 0;
}
int print(char * str ,int n)
{
    count++;
    if(n==0)
    {
         cout << str << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "there have two parameter.\n";
        for (int i=0;i < count; i++)
        {
            cout << str << endl;
        }
    }
}

 

//编程练习2  （默认参数、引用）
#include <iostream>
struct CandyBar
{
    char * name;
    double weight;
    int calorie;
} ;
using namespace std;
const CandyBar &  fillnum( CandyBar & re ,  char * ar= "Millennium Munch" ,  double w =2.85,  int c= 350);
void show (const CandyBar & re);
int main()
{
    CandyBar DZ;
    fillnum(DZ,"xiang",3.45);
    show(DZ);
    fillnum(DZ,"QIU",2.22,2);
    show(DZ);
    return 0;
}
const CandyBar & fillnum ( CandyBar & re ,  char ar[] , double w,  int c)
{

    re.name = ar;//数组的填充
    re.weight = w;
    re.calorie = c;
    return re;
}
void show (const CandyBar & re)
{
    cout << "show : \n";
    cout << "name:" << re.name << endl;
    cout << "weight:" <<re.weight << endl;
    cout << "calorie:" << re.calorie <<endl;
}

//编程练习3
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;
void turn( string & str );
int main()
{
  cout << "Enter a string (q to quit): ";
  string str;
  getline (cin,str);
  while (cin && (str != "q"))
  {
      turn(str);
      cout << "Next string (q to quit): ";
       getline (cin,str);
  }
  cout << "Bye.\n";

    return 0;
}
void turn(string & str )
{
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length() ; i++)
    {
         str[i] = toupper(str[i]);//如果在这里新建一个变量来保存程序会出错，原因待研究！
    }                             //用循环可以输出新变量的内容
    cout << str << endl;
}

//编程练习4
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
struct stringy
{
    char *str;
    int ct;
};
void set(stringy & stry ,const char *ar);//这里要使用引用
void show(const stringy &str,int n=1);
void show(const char *,int n=1);
int main()
{
    stringy beany;
    char testing[] = "Reality isn't what is used to be.";
    set(beany,testing);
    show(beany);
    show(beany,2);
    testing[0] = 'D';
    testing[1] = 'u';
    show(testing);
    show(testing,3);
    show("Done!");
     delete [] beany.str;
    return 0;
}
void set(stringy & stry ,const char *ar)
{
    char *ps = new char[strlen(ar)+1];
    stry.str = ps;
    strcpy(stry.str,ar);
    stry.ct = strlen(stry.str);
}
void show(const stringy &str,int n)
{
    if(n==1)
    {
        cout << str.str << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "print " << n << "times.\n";
        while(n!=0)
        {
            cout << str.str<< endl;
            n--;
        }
    }
}
void show(const char * ar,int n)
{
    if(n==1)
    {
        cout << ar << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "print " << n << "times.\n";
        while(n!=0)
        {
            cout << ar<< endl;
            n--;
        }
    }
}

 

 

//编程练习5（函数模板）
#include <iostream>
const int Size = 5;
using namespace std;
template <class T>
T max5( T  * ar);
int main()
{
    int num[Size] = {1,2,3,4,5};
    double num1[Size] = {2.3,4.5,3.4,34.3,23.4};
    cout << "max int: " << max5(num) << endl;
    cout << "max double:" << max5(num1) << endl;
    return 0;
}
template <class T>
T max5( T  * ar)
{
    T max = ar[0];
    int i = 1;
    while(i<Size)
    {
        if (max<=ar[i])
        {
            max = ar[i];
        }
        i++;
    }
    return max;
}

//编程练习6(具体化)
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
T maxn( T  * ar,int n);
template <> const char* maxn(const char * str[],int n); //具体化的函数名跟模板函数的一样
int main()
{
    int num[6] = {1,2,3,4,5,6};
    double num1[4] = {2.3,4.5,3.4,34.3};
    cout << "max int: " << maxn(num,6) << endl;
    cout << "max double:" << maxn(num1,4) << endl;
    const char * str[5] = {"pemhasf","qsdfs","ro","is","grl"};
    cout << "max char length address:" << maxn(str,5) << endl;

    return 0;
}
template <class T>
T maxn( T  * ar,int n)
{
    T max = ar[0];
    int i = 1;
    while(i<n)
    {
        if (max<=ar[i])
        {
            max = ar[i];
        }
        i++;
    }
    return max;
}
template<> const char* maxn(const char *str[],int n)
{
   const char * max = str[0];

     int i = 1;
    while(i<n)
    {
        if (strlen(max)< strlen(str[i]))
        {
            max =  str[i];
        }
        i++;
    }
    return max;
}

// 编程练习7（匹配函数）
#include <iostream>

template <typename T>            // template A
void SumArray(T arr[], int n);

template <typename T>            // template B
void SumArray(T * arr[], int n);

struct debts
{
    char name[50];
    double amount;
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    int things[6] = {13, 31, 103, 301, 310, 130};
    struct debts mr_E[3] =
    {
        {"Ima Wolfe", 2400.0},
        {"Ura Foxe", 1300.0},
        {"Iby Stout", 1800.0}
    };
    double * pd[3];

// set pointers to the amount members of the structures in mr_E
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
        pd[i] = &mr_E[i].amount;

    cout << "Listing Mr. E's counts of things:\n";
// things is an array of int
    SumArray(things, 6);  // uses template A
    cout << "Listing Mr. E's debts:\n";
// pd is an array of pointers to double
    SumArray(pd, 3);      // uses template B (more specialized)
    // cin.get();
    return 0;
}

template <typename T>
void SumArray(T arr[], int n)
{
    using namespace std;
    T sum = 0;
    cout << "template A's sum :";
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        sum += arr[i];
    }

    cout << sum <<endl;
}

template <typename T>
void SumArray(T * arr[], int n)
{
    using namespace std;
    T sum = 0;
    cout << "template B's sum :";
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        sum += *arr[i] ;
    cout << sum <<endl;
}