c++ primer plus第七章编程答案

//编程练习1
#include <iostream>
double har_average(double ,double );
using namespace std;
int main()
{
   cout << "Enter two numbers:" << endl;
   double x,y;
   cin >> x >> y;
   while (cin)
   {
       if(x==0||y==0 )
       {
           cout << "quit.\n";
           break;
       }
       else
       {
           cout << "the harmonic average is :  " ;
        cout << har_average(x,y) << endl;
        cin >> x >>y;
       }
   }
    return 0;
}
double har_average(double x,double y)
{
    return 2.0*x*y/(x+y);
}

 

//编程练习2
#include <iostream>
const int Size = 10;
int fill_arr(double *,int n);
void show_arr(double * ,int n);
double calculate(double [],int n);
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    double arr[Size];
    cout << "Please input the grade of golf: \n";
    int N = fill_arr(arr,Size);
    cout << "Output the grade: \n";
    show_arr(arr ,N);
    cout << "\nThe average is : \n";
    cout << calculate( arr,N)<<endl;
     cout << "Done!\n";
    return 0;
}
int fill_arr(double *ar,int n)
{
    double temp;
    cin >> temp;
    int i =0;
    int count = 0;
    while (cin)
    {
        ar[i] = temp;
        i++;
        cin>>temp;
        count++;
    }
    return count;
}
void show_arr(double *ar ,int n)
{
    for(int i = 0;i<n;i++)
    {
        cout << ar[i] << "  ";
    }
}
double calculate(double ar[],int n)
{
    double sum =0.0;
    for( int i=0 ;i<n;i++)
    {
        sum += ar[i];
    }
    return sum/n;
}

//编程练习3
#include <iostream>
struct box
{
    char make[40];
    float height;
    float width;
    float length;
    float volume;
};
void show(box);
void vo(box * );
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    box tp = {"square",20,34.5,34.6,0};
    vo(&tp);
    show(tp);
    cout << "Done!" << endl;
    return 0;
}
void show(box temp)
{
    cout << "The name of box: ";
    cout << temp.make << endl;
    cout << "height: " << temp.height << endl;
    cout << "width: " << temp.width <<endl;
    cout << "length: " << temp.length << endl;
    cout << "volume: " << temp.volume << endl;
}
void vo(box * temp)
{
    temp->volume = temp->height * temp->length * temp->width;
}

// 编程练习4
#include <iostream>
long double probability(unsigned numbers1, unsigned picks1,unsigned numbers2, unsigned picks2);
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    double total1, choices1,total2, choices2;
    cout << "Enter the total number of choices on the game card and\n"
            <<"the number of picks allowed:\n";
    while ((cin >> total1 >> choices1) && choices1 <= total1)
    {
         cout << "Enter the total number of second choices on the game card and\n"
           << "the second number of picks allowed:\n";
        while ((cin >> total2 >> choices2) && choices2 <= total2)
      {
        cout << "You have one chance in ";
        cout << probability(total1, choices1,total2, choices2);     
        cout << " of winning.\n";
        cout << "Next two numbers (q to quit): ";
      }
    }
    cout << "bye\n";
    return 0;
}
long double probability(unsigned numbers1, unsigned picks1,unsigned numbers2, unsigned picks2)
{
    long double result1 = 1.0;
    long double result2 = 1.0;  
    long double n;
    unsigned p;
    for (n = numbers1, p = picks1; p > 0; n--, p--)
        result1 = result1 * n / p ;            
    //这里算阶层的方法要记住！分母先乘上一个数，再除一个分子，再乘分母除分子。。。
      for (n = numbers2, p = picks2; p > 0; n--, p--)
        result2 = result2 * n / p ;
    return 1/(result1*result2);
}

// 编程练习5
#include <iostream>
long double factorial(unsigned int n);
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    unsigned int n;
    cout << "Enter number: ";
    while ( cin >> n)
    {
        cout << n << "! = " << factorial(n);
        cout <<"\nEnter the number again:(q to quit): ";
    }
    cout << "Done!\n";
    return 0;
}
long double factorial(unsigned int n)
{
    long double total = 1;
    if(n>0)
    {
         total = n*factorial(n-1);
    }
    return total;
}

// 编程练习6
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int Size = 10;
int Fill_array(double ar[],int n);
void Show_array(double ar[],int n);
void Reverse_array(double *ar,int n);
int main()
{
    double arr[Size];
   int N = Fill_array(arr,Size);
   cout << "The array is : \n";
   Show_array(arr,N);
   Reverse_array(arr,N);
   cout << "The reverse array is : \n";
    Show_array(arr,N);
     Reverse_array(arr+1,N-2);
   cout << "The reverse array is : \n";
    Show_array(arr,N);
    return 0;
}
int Fill_array(double ar[],int n)
{
    cout << "Please input double number: \n";
    double temp;
    int i = 0;
    while( cin >> temp && i<n )
    {
       ar[i] = temp;
       i++;
    }
    return i;
}
void Show_array(double ar[],int n)
{
    for (int i = 0; i<n;i++)
    {
        cout << ar[i] << endl;
    }
}
void Reverse_array(double *ar,int n)
{
    double temp;
    for (int i = 0;i < n/2;i++)
    {
        temp = ar[i];
        ar[i] = ar[n-1-i];
        ar[n-1-i] = temp;
    }
}

// 编程练习7
#include <iostream>
const int Max = 5;
double * fill_array(double ar[], double arr[]);//函数原型里的参数变量可写可不写，且与定义里的可不相同。
void show_array(const double ar[],double *end); 
void revalue(double r, double ar[],double arr[]);
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    double properties[Max];
    double * size = fill_array(properties, properties + Max);
    show_array(properties, size);
    if (size > 0)
    {
        cout << "Enter revaluation factor: ";
        double factor;
        while (!(cin >> factor))   
        {
            cin.clear();
            while (cin.get() != '\n')
                continue;
           cout << "Bad input; Please enter a number: ";
        }
        revalue(factor, properties, size);
        show_array(properties, size);
    }
    cout << "Done.\n";
    return 0;
}
double * fill_array(double begin[], double end[])
{
    using namespace std;
    double temp;
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i <(end-begin); i++)
    {
        cout << "Enter value #" << (i + 1) << ": ";
        cin >> temp;
        if (!cin)    
        {
            cin.clear();
            while (cin.get() != '\n')
                continue;
           cout << "Bad input; input process terminated.\n";
           break;
        }
        else if (temp < 0)
            break;
        begin[i] = temp;
    }
    return &begin[i-1];
}
void show_array(const double ar[], double *end)
{
    using namespace std;
    for (int i = 0; &ar[i]<= end; i++) //判断语句也要做相应的改变
    {
        cout << "Property #" << (i + 1) << ": $";
        cout << ar[i] << endl;
    }
}
void revalue(double r, double ar[], double * end)
{
    for (int i = 0; &ar[i]<= end; i++)
        ar[i] *= r;
}

//编程练习8(a)
#include <iostream>
const int Seasons = 4;
const char *  Snames[Seasons] = //数组指针，里面存放地址
    {"Spring", "Summer", "Fall", "Winter"};
void fill(double * pa); //这里没有传递数组的长度void fill(double * da， int n)
void show(double * da);//因为有全局变量Seasons,在一般情况下最好采用传递参数的形式
int main()
{
    double  expenses[4];
    fill(expenses);
    show(expenses);
    return 0;
}
void fill(double * pa)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < Seasons; i++)
    {
        std::cout << "Enter " << Snames[i] << " expenses: ";
        std::cin >> pa[i];  //在用arra时void fill(std::array<double, Seasons> * pa)
                             //std::cin >> (*pa)[i]  (暂时理解为这里的pa指向对象)
    }
}
void show(double * da)
{
    double total = 0.0;
    std::cout << "\nEXPENSES\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < Seasons; i++)
    {
        std::cout << Snames[i] << ": $" << da[i] << '\n';
        total += da[i];
    }
    std::cout << "Total: $" << total << '\n';
}

//编程练习8(b)
#include <iostream>
struct pay
{
    double expenses[4];
};
const int Seasons = 4;
const char * Snames[4] =
    {"Spring", "Summer", "Fall", "Winter"};
void fill(pay * pa);
void show(pay da);
int main()
{
    pay exp;
    fill(&exp);
    show(exp);
    return 0;
}
void fill(pay * pa) //往结构里面写数据的函数，要采用传址！
{
    for (int i = 0; i < Seasons; i++)
    {
        std::cout << "Enter " << Snames[i] << " expenses: ";
        std::cin >> pa->expenses[i];
    }
}
void show(pay da)
{
    double total = 0.0;
    std::cout << "\nEXPENSES\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < Seasons; i++)
    {
        std::cout << Snames[i] << ": $" << da.expenses[i] << '\n';
        total += da.expenses[i];
    }
    std::cout << "Total: $" << total << '\n';
}

//编程练习9
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int SLEN = 30;
struct student
{
    char fullname[SLEN];
    char hobby[SLEN];
    int ooplevel;
};
int getinfo(student pa[],int n);//结构数组
void display1(student st);
void display2(const student * ps );
void display3(const student pa[],int n);
int main()
{
    cout << "Enter the class size: ";
    int class_size;
    cin >> class_size;
    while (cin.get() != '\n')
        continue;
    student * ptr_stu = new student [class_size];
    int entered = getinfo(ptr_stu, class_size);
    for(int i = 0;i<entered;i++)//两种显示结构数组元素的方法
    {
        display1(ptr_stu[i]);
        display2(&ptr_stu[i]);
    }
    display3(ptr_stu,entered);
    delete [] ptr_stu;
    cout << "Done\n";
    return 0;
}
int getinfo(student pa[],int n)
{
    int count = 0 ;
    for (int i = 0;i<n;i++)
    {
        cout << "#"<<(i+1)<<": \n";
        cout << "Fullname: ";
       cin.get(pa[i].fullname ,SLEN);//容易出错，向数组输入时，记得带上数组本来的长度
        if(cin)
        {
            cin.get();
        cout << "Hobby: ";
        cin.get(pa[i].hobby,SLEN);
        cout << "Opplevel: ";
        cin >> pa[i].ooplevel;
        cin.get();
        count ++;
        }
        else
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    return count;
}
void display1(student st)
{
    cout << "The student's fullname is:";
    cout << st.fullname<<endl;
    cout << "hobby: " << st.hobby <<endl;
    cout << "opplevel: " << st.ooplevel <<endl;
}
void display2(const student * ps )
{
    cout << "The student's fullname is:";
    cout << ps->fullname<<endl;
    cout << "hobby: " << ps->hobby <<endl;
    cout << "opplevel: " << ps->ooplevel <<endl;
}
void display3(const student pa[],int n)
{
    for (int i = 0;i<n;i++)
    {
        cout << "#" << (i+1) << ":"<<endl;
        cout << "The student's fullname is:";
    cout << pa[i].fullname<<endl;
    cout << "hobby: " << pa[i].hobby <<endl;
    cout << "opplevel: " << pa[i].ooplevel <<endl;
    }
}

// 编程练习10（运用指针数组）先写简单的，再写复杂的
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
double add(double x,double y);
double multiply(double x,double y);
double calculate(double a,double b,double (*pa)(double x,double y));
int main()
{
    double a ,b,result;
    cout << "Enter two number: \n";
    double (*pf[2])(double,double) = {add,multiply} ;//指针数组
    while(cin>>a>>b)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i<2;i++)
        {
             result = calculate(a,b,pf[i]);
           cout << result << endl;
        }
    }
    cout << "Done!\n";
    return 0;
}
double add(double x,double y)
{
    cout << "add: ";
    return x + y;
}
double multiply(double x,double y)
{
    cout << "mult: ";
    return x * y;
}
double calculate(double a,double b,double (*pa)(double x,double y))
{
    double q = pa(a,b);
    return q;
}